Contacts and work schedule of the Main Directorate of the Pension Fund of Russia - PFR No. 4

The concept of a shift schedule

Shift work, 2/2 shift schedule - this, as many employers claim, is a very common mode. You need to work in two, three, four shifts, which are introduced if the duration of production processes is higher than permissible during daily work, as well as for the most efficient use of equipment and increasing production volumes. With the help of this mode, the uninterrupted operation of the organization is ensured. As a rule, to ensure this format, you need to organize 3 teams, sometimes 4.

Now that you know what a 2/2 work schedule is, let’s look at its features in more detail. The days of operation in this mode during the week will also differ from usual. When establishing a shift format in an organization, the employer must form several teams. They work in turns, which makes it possible to ensure a smooth process. If the institution is small, employees can work one at a time, replacing each other. This is possible in areas with simple processes. Answering the question: what is a 2-by-2 schedule? The main thing is to not allow an employee to work more than one shift in a row.

A two-by-two work schedule is one of the possible options for shift work. This algorithm is the most popular in practical activities.

A special feature of the regime is that the length of the working day goes beyond the 8 hours required for a five-day week. You must be present at the workplace both on weekdays and weekends. If an employee working in shift mode falls on a holiday, the work will be paid in a single amount. A duty period of 10 or 12 hours is not considered overtime, and no additional payments are established. All of these provisions are provided for within the framework of the employment agreement.

How to compose: a memo to the personnel officer

Let's define the important points of compilation:

1. Preparatory stage. Study all local documentation that establishes working hours at the enterprise. These may be collective agreements, internal labor regulations, as well as individual orders. Then prepare a production calendar for the appropriate month.
2. Take into account the opinion of the trade union organization. According to the requirements of Art. 103 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, the work schedule two through two or another must take into account the recommendations of the representative body of workers.
3. Develop and approve a shift schedule form. Here it is necessary to take into account the individual specifics of the organization’s activities and local regulations. A sample form can be downloaded below.

IMPORTANT!

Working two shifts in a row is prohibited! That is, even if the employee wishes, it cannot be included in the schedule twice without rest breaks. This is a direct violation of Art. 103 Labor Code of the Russian Federation.

1. Assign shifts, work periods, and rest breaks based on staffing levels, production cycle, shift length, production needs, and other conditions. Document the order.
2. When the shift schedule is ready, it is approved by the manager. And then they introduce the workers under their signature. Please note that subordinates should be familiarized with the work regime for the corresponding period no later than a month before the start of the working period.
3. If the employee refuses to familiarize himself with the document, then draw up a corresponding report. Read the contents of the document out loud in the presence of witnesses, and then make a note accordingly.

Form to fill out

An example of how to create a work schedule 2/2

Form

The legislative framework

The format of work in the 2-by-2 mode - what is the work schedule, what are its features established by the legislator? Labor Code of the Russian Federation in Art. 103 allows for the installation of a shift regime if the process in the institution is to provide round-the-clock services. The head of the enterprise creates and regulates schedules. It is important to remember the prohibition on exceeding labor standards: during the week, an employee works the same as the standard working week of 40 hours (but in general, more is possible, you need to look at the accounting period, usually with this mode, summarized accounting of working hours).

Work activities in shift mode (this is a variant of what schedule 2/2 is called) include the following articles of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation:

• Art. 102 - work in a flexible format;
• Art. 103 - shift schedule;
• Art. 104 — accounting of labor time;
• Art. 105 - permitted methods of redistributing labor time.

Need for a schedule

A shift schedule is one of the important documents drawn up by an organization. This is the basis for calculating wages and recording employee working hours. Although it is not the main document, it has the force of accounting.

It is also worth taking into account that if the work is carried out continuously, it may be checked by inspection bodies. And the lack of a schedule may result in disciplinary action.

The number of shifts directly depends on the characteristics of the enterprise. Shifts may range from one to four as states allow. Moreover, workers in each shift can work from 3 to 12 hours a day.

How many people can work at the same time is decided on an individual basis. The main thing is that when organizing work at night, do not allow one person to work.

Who works on a shift schedule

Shift mode - as the 2-by-2 work schedule is called, is used in institutions where you need to work around the clock. As a rule, these can be:

• emergency response services (EMERCOM, police, doctors), because their work is needed at any moment;
• non-stop cycle enterprises;
• institutions serving the population (hotels, cafes, security companies);
• transport companies (including train stations, airports);
• trading enterprises (if they provide services to the public 24/7).

The list is far from exhaustive; however, an organization can switch to shift mode at any time if the need arises.

Standard hours for a 2/2 schedule

This article describes in detail what the standard hours are on a 2/2 schedule, and everything you need to know about it. The 2 through 2 schedule is characterized by a shift work mode. Using such a scheme, it is possible to establish an uninterrupted production process. For this form of work, 2-3 or 4 teams are needed. In this option, the working time of each person is specified on the basis of current acts of labor legislation. The collective agreement, which was approved with the employer, also has its weight. It is not uncommon for a working day to differ from the usual expectations for this way of working. The presence of several teams will give one worker the opportunity to rest while another team goes to work.

There are restrictions on hiring one employee for only one shift and no more. In the modern labor process there are several forms of shift work. The 2/2 schedule is the most popular and in demand. Thus, after two working days, a worker goes on two days off.

With this schedule, working hours increase to 12 hours and, unlike the five-day system, you have to get up for a shift on weekends or holidays. Overtime of up to 12 hours is considered the norm and is not paid additionally. With this organization of work, overtime work is not provided. Sometimes enterprises create additional documents in this regard.

Legal parameters

Such an organization of labor is clearly legitimized and controlled through regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation. Ultimately, the right to regulate an employee’s individual work schedule remains with the head of the company.

It is important to observe the following parameters: with a weekly period capacity of 167 possible hours, a maximum of 40 should be spent on work.

The company itself sets the duration of the shift, however, for some citizens, reduced work hours are provided (pregnant women, disabled people).

Which companies have shift schedules?

The two days at home, two at work schedule is often used by organizations with 24/7 workflows. These include the following:

• Industrial complexes and enterprises. At such plants and factories, for various reasons, production cannot be stopped. As a result, workers replace each other in a circle.
• Transport communications also operate around the clock. Bus stations, railway transport and airports have a clear working schedule.
• Emergency service workers. These include doctors, gas workers, police officers, firefighters and rescuers. Their services are constantly needed at different times of the day.
• Organizations in the service sector, security agencies, hotels.
• Trading companies and warehouses.

There are also other enterprises that practice a similar work schedule.

Features of working on a shift schedule.

When organizing labor differently, it is necessary to check the current labor code and other laws.

It is possible to temporarily switch to shift mode and permanent work in shift mode 2 through 2. The main requirement is to achieve the required amount of rest time per day per week, as well as during the working month. The schedule must be adjusted by the trade union organization. All additional rest time is the same as in the five-day version: sick leave is provided if necessary, and vacation.

When drawing up a work schedule, the organization approves documents that establish the characteristics of the labor process:

• Time of one shift;
• Number of shifts per working week;
• Queue to go to work;
• Lunch and other breaks.

The papers confirm the scenario of activity if the worker does not show up for a shift and castling of colleagues if they wish.

The standardization of work hours in the maximum form of duration is approved in regulatory form by the documents of the enterprise. The total number of working hours cannot exceed 40 hours for one week.

Payment is made by counting shifts worked over a long period of time (month, 2 weeks). Additional accruals for holidays or weekends are not provided for such schedules.

The employer, based on Article 103 of the Labor Code, can establish a working regime for workers. The shift schedule is a component of the collective act and is agreed upon in accordance with Article 372 with all parties. If there is no collective agreement, this function is controlled by the employer.

Please note that the labor code allows for an accounting period of no more than one year.

Thus, the duration of a shift largely depends on the decision of the managers of a particular company or enterprise. However, all decisions must not conflict with current legislation. All information in this regard must be communicated to the employee in writing.

In this article you learned what the standard hours are on a 2/2 schedule. If you have any questions or problems that require the participation of lawyers, then you can seek help from the specialists of the Sherlock information and legal portal. Just leave a request on our website and our lawyers will call you back.

Editor: Igor Reshetov

Features of shift work

Features of labor processes influence the established regime. However, in any case, it must be carried out in compliance with the conditions established by current legislation.

The schedule can be entered in relation to different time periods. Using summarized accounting, the employer establishes an accounting period.

The replacement format is introduced for a specified period or on an ongoing basis. The main thing is to determine the employee’s working time, which is not higher than the established duration for such a category. This means that neither overtime nor overtime is included in the plan (they are entered in the time sheet). It is important to consider that adequate rest must be provided during a 12-hour shift.

It is imperative to follow the provisions of Art. 94 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation and take into account the employee’s membership in those groups for which a special work shift duration is determined, including a reduced duration.

The duration of the shift varies, depending on the needs of the organization. However, days off must be provided exactly according to the work plan. Working under shift conditions does not deprive the right to annual leave and paid sick leave.

The Labor Code of the Russian Federation does not establish the duration of the period for which a shift regime is drawn up. As a rule, this is one month, but the shift can last for a year.

Opening hours

The legislator requires that the work schedule during the day be distributed between at least 2 shifts of workers. The duration of one shift is no more than 12 hours.

The employer can choose the most optimal option for production:

• two shifts - the production process is divided into two components: day and night;
• four teams - employees work in the format: night shift, day shift, weekend;
• 72 hours - employees work in the following format: 2 shifts a day, 2 days off, 2 shifts in the evening, 1 day off, 2 shifts at night, 3 days off.

Night shift

As a rule, the working day begins at 8 am or, accordingly, in the evening. An employee does not have the right to voluntarily change the schedule without agreeing with the employer. You can only work on your own shift.

The employer must monitor the uniform rotation of teams: each team works in turns on night and day shifts.

Labor organization algorithms may be different. So, an employee can work during the day, then in the evening or immediately at night. A format of 2 days during the day, 2 days at night is possible.

Features of working at night

A night shift is one the main part of which occurs at night (from 22:00 to 06:00) or evening (for example, from 20-00 to 08-00). Night duty should be an hour shorter than day duty. This does not apply to those hired to work exclusively at night.

It is prohibited to work on the night shift:

• under 18 years of age;
• pregnant women.

Women with children under 3 years of age, disabled people, single parents, and those caring for the sick can work at night (only with written consent).

Labor Code of the Russian Federation in Art. 154 determines the mandatory use of increased coefficients in relation to hours worked by an employee at night. The minimum amount is 20%. The maximum amount of additional payment and its determination is the right of the manager.

In general, Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated July 22, 2008 No. 554 establishes the same minimum amount of extra pay for night work for all employees, or rather a 20 percent extra pay for each working hour.

The specific amount of the increase in payment for going out at night is established:

• collective or labor agreement;
• local regulations.

The additional payment is calculated from the hourly tariff rate (salary per hour of work), that is, when establishing an additional payment for work at night, other additional payments and (or) allowances should not be taken into account.

Shift work, shift work and staggered work

All the types of work listed in the title have one thing in common - they all relate to work with non-standard working hours. The term “shift work” appeared relatively recently, and is not yet even enshrined in the labor code - this is a general name for all types of work in the schedule of which the alternation of working days and days off is established by the internal labor regulations of the organization and differs from the calendar five-day or six-day week ( “Shift work” "work" may not even be quite a term, but a popular self-name for work with a non-standard schedule, this self-name is replete with advertisements for job searches and offers, so a "commander's" decision was made: "If the disgrace can no longer be prevented, then it must be led," so This is where a new “term” appeared). Shift work and staggered work are therefore special cases of “shift work”.

Shift work.

Let us turn to the Labor Code, according to which a multi-shift mode of operation is a mode in which an organization or its division works in several shifts during the day (for example, three shifts), and the organization’s employees periodically work in different shifts. When working in three shifts, as a rule, there are day, evening and night shifts. A shift in which at least 50% of the working time is at night is considered a night shift (from 22:00 to 6:00), the shift preceding the night is considered an evening shift. The night shift should be one hour shorter than the day and evening shifts.

The program for calculating shift work modes presented on this page allows you to create work schedules for up to three shifts. For example, a person works for three days and then rests for three days, and the first day he works on the day shift, the second on the evening shift, and the third on the night shift. The schedule for such work is obtained by combining three separate schedules day (green) - evening (lilac) - night (blue) with a 1 through 5 scheme with a sequential shift by one day and “2-2-2” statuses: abc2home.ru/blog/ grafik_smennoy_raboty.html?0040450150211115551222.

Working on a rotating schedule

Sometimes shift work is identified with work on a staggered schedule, but this is not at all the same thing - according to the Labor Code of the Russian Federation (see extract), the work schedule on a staggered schedule implies a five-day or six-day work week with days off on days other than Saturday and Sunday. This operating mode cannot be reproduced using a single periodic cycle; at best, it can be represented as a combination of 6x2 and 4x2 (or 7x1 and 5x1 for a six-day cycle). Therefore, the program for calculating shift work modes allows you to simulate a sliding work schedule only for a short period of time from 3 to 5 weeks.

How is it paid?

Another logical question: 2/2 work schedule - how is it paid? Work time recording in a shift format is designed for short periods of time, usually a month. Accordingly, payment is calculated according to the number of shifts worked during the accounting period, that is, for the one for which the shift regime is established.

The schedule must be drawn up so that the employee develops a norm taking into account annual vacations.

The average working month in 2021 will be 164.17 hours with a 40-hour week. Overtime activities are subject to additional payment. In case of shortcomings, payment is deducted or paid in proportion to the time worked.

A work shift or part of it that falls according to the schedule on Saturday or Sunday is paid as a regular working day (Article 111 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation). A shift on a day that falls on a holiday is subject to double payment. Work on a day that is a day off can be compensated by time off; hours of work are paid at a single rate. If the employee does not take time off, payment will be made at double the rate.

Thus, the enterprise has the right to decide whether to choose a shift mode in the 2/2 option or another. The main thing is to comply with working time standards.

Comments: 105

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Author of the article Anatoly Darchiev

Consultant, author Popovich Anna

Financial author Olga Pikhotskaya

1. Maria
   02/01/2021 at 01:01 Good afternoon! With summary accounting, a schedule of 2 shifts per day, two days off, 2 shifts per night, two days off for 12 hours is possible? And the second question, if the lunch break is not included in the salary, does that mean 11 hours on the timesheet? Thank you.
   Reply ↓ Anna Popovich
   01.02.2021 at 13:26

   Dear Maria, the duration of daily rest between shifts, including time for rest and food, must be no less than double the length of the working day (shift) preceding the rest. As for the lunch break time, as a general rule it is not included in working hours, it is not subject to payment (Article 91, Part 1 of Article 108 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation). But there are exceptions - this is the provision of the opportunity to eat during working hours at those jobs where it is impossible to provide a break for rest and food. In this case, this time is subject to payment, and the list of such work must be established by the Labor Regulations (Part 3 of Article 108 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation).

   Reply ↓

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