The concept of employee experience
There are several types of work experience:
Seniority
- general
- special
- insurance
- continuous
In 2002, a pension reform was carried out, as a result of which the term “total length of service” was replaced by “insurance length”. Such innovations are associated with the introduction of a new citizen insurance system. After the implementation of the reform, each entrepreneur took upon himself the obligation to pay insurance premiums for employees. Due to the summation of all periods, the citizen receives a pension.
Work experience includes:
- time when the parent was on parental leave
- period of time when a citizen was declared incompetent (so-called sick leave)
- time in the army
- a period of time when a citizen was deprived of freedom and was in places where it was restricted, but then the charges against him were dropped and he was found innocent
- if a citizen is registered with the employment service and receives unemployment assistance from there
- if a citizen participated in public works for a certain period of time, which were paid
- if the employment service sent a citizen to another area for employment, then the time spent on moving is also taken into account in the work experience
- if a citizen constantly takes care of a disabled person of the first group or a pensioner who is over eighty years old
- time spent abroad by the husband or wife of a consular officer or diplomat sent there by the government of the Russian Federation
Until 2012, the total work experience also included time spent studying full-time. But due to the implementation of the reform, such a need has disappeared. After all, studying at a university does not provide for the payment of insurance contributions, and therefore they are not included in the calculation for determining the pension.
What is specialized experience?
Professional experience is the period of time during which an employee worked in accordance with his profile. Requirements for it are specified in professional standards, job descriptions, specialized reference books and other acts. The system of professional standards has been used in practice since mid-2021, and within their framework, 9 skill levels have been allocated for representatives of all types of professions.
Accounting for the profile element is carried out in accordance with the regulatory framework developed by the government:
- Art. and 195.3 Labor Code of the Russian Federation;
- Federal Law No. 122 of May 2, 2015;
- Order of the Ministry of Labor of Russia No. 147n dated April 12, 2013;
- Order of the Ministry of Labor of Russia No. 148n dated April 12, 2013;
- Federal Law No. 273 dated December 29, 2012;
- Art. 5.27 Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation.
These acts use the concepts of professional retraining, advanced training, and certification. Experience does not affect these aspects in any way, however, the time spent in training is included in it. Along with this concept, the term special length of service is considered, which implies a time period during which the employee performed official duties under special conditions.
When is calculation of experience necessary?
You only need to calculate your work experience in two cases: when calculating sick leave or to receive a pension. Both of these cases are somewhat different from each other.
To calculate sick leave, length of service includes:
Calculation of length of service
- the period of work that was formalized by the employment contract
- the period when a citizen served in public service in civil or municipal bodies
- time of other activities when the citizen received wages and insurance payments were made for him
To calculate length of service when applying for a pension, you need to take into account all types of a person’s work activity, including service in the Armed Forces and caring for a child up to 1.5 years old.
Work experience in specialty
According to the Federal Law of January 17, 1992 No. 2202-1 “On the Prosecutor's Office of the Russian Federation,” persons who have reached 25 years of age and have worked as a prosecutor or investigator for at least 3 years are appointed to the positions of city, district, and equivalent prosecutors.
Persons who have reached 30 years of age and have worked as a prosecutor or investigator for at least 5 years are appointed to the positions of prosecutor of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation and equivalent prosecutors. Thus, in accordance with the federal law of May 31, 2021 No. 63-FZ “On advocacy and the legal profession in the Russian Federation” (hereinafter referred to as the Law on the Legal Profession), a person who has worked in the legal profession for at least two years or completed an internship in legal education within the time limits specified by this law. At the same time, the Law on the Bar specifies that the length of service required to acquire this status includes work in municipal positions requiring legal education; as a judge, paralegal, notary, etc.
Calculation of length of service using a work book
The amount of some social benefits depends on the length of the employee’s work experience. We are talking about temporary incapacity (sick leave). Its size directly depends on the duration of the experience. The same can be said about maternity benefits.
Employment history
Russian legislation provides for a minimum length of service for men, which will allow them to retire, of 25 years, for women - 20. If a citizen has worked for this number of years, then his pension will be accrued in full in the amount of 55% of the employee’s average earnings.
There is also the possibility of increasing this percentage. For each year above the specified terms, the state adds 1%. But this number cannot exceed 20%.
You can calculate length of service using two methods: manually and using a computer program.
Manually
To calculate your work experience, you need to have a work book and a few other items to make things easier (calculator, pencil, paper).
First, you need to take a work book and sequentially write down from there all the dates of admission and dismissal from work. This must be done strictly in chronological order (then it will be easier to count). For greater convenience, you can write out data for each organization in a column. You also need to remember that you should subtract the first working day from the date of dismissal and add one more day.
Experienced personnel officers know that when making calculations, they need to take into account the fact that 1 year of experience includes 12 months, and a month – strictly 30 days.
If the work book does not contain exact entries taking into account the days of the month, then the start of work should be considered half the month (15th day), or the middle of the year - the beginning of July.
The data that is obtained by summing up data from all places of work must be converted into the necessary time units (year, month).
Using programs
Program for calculating experience
For those for whom such work will be too difficult or boring, and they are looking for how work experience is considered easier, there is a method for calculating work experience using a computer program. This can be either a 1C program installed on a computer or simple online services that offer such a service.
Programs for calculating total or continuous experience allow you to use the following functions:
- calculate your work experience with a simple mouse click
- ability to enter data both from the keyboard and using a computer mouse
- navigate through cells by simply pressing function keys and much more
Such programs make it possible to calculate length of service in a couple of minutes. You just need to enter the required data into the cells and wait for the result.
Work experience in a specialty is a period of time...
As for the qualification requirements for having work experience in the specialty, they are still prescribed for a number of employees, for example, those applying for a job in internal affairs bodies (Part 7, Article 36 of the Law “On Service in Bodies...” dated November 30, 2021 No. 342-FZ) , to the insurance company (clauses 2 and 3.1 of Article 32.1 of the Law “On Organizations...” dated November 27, 1992 No. 4015-1). Qualification requirements for work experience in the specialty are also established for notaries (clause 2, part 1, article 2 of the Fundamentals of Legislation on Notaries dated 02/11/1993 No. 4462-1), lawyers (part 1, article 9 of the Law on Advocacy dated 05/31/2021 No. 63-FZ), judges, etc.
In order to establish exactly how to calculate special experience - by the number of years of work in a position or from the moment of receiving the appropriate specialized education, each employer can develop a local regulatory act. This can be either instructions on the procedure for determining qualifications and other requirements that are presented to an applicant for employment, or the standard (rules) of an SRO. This document can clearly state which periods of work activity will be counted as special work experience.
This is interesting: I will not determine the legal successor; what does this mean?
If there is no work book
The work record may be lost. And the reason for this is not only negligence. Fire, flood or other troubles may occur. But work experience still needs to be calculated. In such cases, you can resort to using other documents that confirm your work activity:
- employment contracts
- certificates issued by the employer
- extract from the order of hiring or dismissal
- personal account
- statements containing salary data
All documents must be original and contain the number and date.
Work experience: what is a specialty
Do you see? A phrase was added that was not in the above-mentioned legal acts: “by specialty.” It turns out that the body exceeded its powers and allowed itself to adjust the rule of law in the direction of narrowing: if the rule of law spoke about the presence of simply work experience, then the body speaks about work experience in the specialty. Moreover, the rule of law does not specify whether this means work only in a given institution or the entire length of service. Do I understand correctly that in this part the authority’s order cannot be applied?
This begs the question: what does “specialty” mean? Based on the legislation on education, the specialty is what is indicated in the diploma. But who cares what specialty the employee worked in before? What matters is whether his specialty will be useful to him now, at the institution. Otherwise, a person who has a law degree and has worked as a lawyer for 20 years can get a job as a cleaner in an institution and receive an awesome coefficient only for the fact that he once worked as a lawyer in another place. Rave? Rave. This means that work in a specialty is work in the specialty indicated in the diploma, both in other places and in the institution itself. But in this case, what about positions for which there are no specialties and educational programs and for which not a single university or vocational school trains specialists? For example, there is a position for an employee of the control department: he travels around the city, visually identifies unauthorized dumps, and reports this to management. Where can I get a diploma in this specialty? The qualification requirements for this position simply include a higher education. Any. But none of them will correspond to the job functions performed. It turns out that such an employee is initially deprived of even the shadow of an opportunity to receive an increasing coefficient. Finally, the third option. A specialty is not education, but the nature of the activity performed. That is, if at a previous place of work a person hung toilet paper on a holder and embroiders paper in an institution, then this paper hanging is his specialty. In other words, the specialty turns into the concept of a labor function. But then another problem arises. Suppose a person works in an institution as a personnel officer. One specialty. Has a coefficient. Then he is transferred to the position of caretaker. The specialty has changed. Since he no longer works in his old specialty, and he still has no experience in the new one, the old coefficient must be removed from him, but he has not yet earned a new one. So what?! In short, I am completely confused in this insanity. Where is the truth?!
Calculation example
The algorithm for calculating seniority (even manually) is quite simple. For better understanding, it can be given with an example.
Before starting work (November 12, 2005) at Siyanie LLC, Sergei Vladimirov Ivanov was an employee of two more enterprises with which he signed an employment contract. This is evidenced by the entries in the work book:
Calculation example for sick leave
- He worked at Tulip LLC from September 15, 1995 to January 17, 2000 inclusive.
- He worked at Sosna CJSC from February 1, 2000 to September 22, 2005 inclusive.
- He worked at Siyanie LLC from November 12, 2005 to October 15, 2007 inclusive.
After that he fell ill, as evidenced by a medical certificate. The illness lasted from October 15 to October 25, 2007.
It is necessary to determine the length of work (insurance) experience in order to calculate disability benefits.
To do this, you need to calculate your work experience. It is worth taking into account the fact that it is necessary to include the day of dismissal, but not the day the illness began.
- The employee spent 4 years, 4 months and 2 days at the Tyulpan LLC enterprise
- for – 5 years, 6 months and 21 days
- he worked at Siyanie LLC for 1 year, 11 months and 2 days
If we summarize all this data, it turns out that S.V. Ivanov has 11 years 9 months and 25 days of work experience. Based on these data, he may be accrued temporary disability benefits in the amount of 100%.
Every citizen of the Russian Federation who works in a permanent place must have an entry in a special document. One of them is a work book. This is where the work experience is recorded. The easiest way to calculate it is from the work book. Today you can find a huge number of approaches for this.
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The online work record calculator is designed to allow you to quickly calculate the length of service (insurance) at each place of work, as well as take into account other periods that affect the calculation of your pension. If you do not agree with the amount of pension accruals, you can recalculate them yourself and then contact the Pension Fund branch to dispute the results.
The calculator will also be useful for those who are just preparing to retire and want to know the amount of accruals in advance and avoid dishonest calculations.
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What is special experience
- probationary period when applying for a job;
- time of direct work at sites with harmful conditions;
- time between shifts and between shifts;
- periods of pregnancy of a woman if she is transferred from a “harmful” position to a regular one;
- temporary disability;
- employee leave;
- time of forced absence due to illegal dismissal.
Periods of downtime, as well as the time for which the employee is suspended from work or not allowed to perform duties, cannot be included in special length of service. When calculating the insurance period, the calendar method is always used. All accounting periods are converted to a common indicator.
Rules for calculating work experience in a specialty
Experience is required in order to obtain a certificate of admission to SRO (to perform certain types of construction work). In accordance with Part 8 of Art. 55.5 of the Town Planning Code of the Russian Federation, to obtain a certificate, the duration of work must be 5 years or more .
If we are talking about qualification requirements regarding work experience, they are indicated for employees individually, depending on the nature of their activities. These standards are determined within the framework of current federal and regional legislation and contain a whole list of nuances.
What periods are included in the work experience in a specialty?
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The Russian Ministry of Labor, in letter No. 18-1/13-702 dated October 7, 2021, clarified how to calculate the length of service in a specialty required to fill a civil service position. Qualification requirements for length of service in the civil service (civil service of other types) or length of service (experience) in a specialty, area of training for federal civil servants are established by decree of the President of the Russian Federation, for regional civil servants - by the law of the subject of the Russian Federation. Work experience in a specialty (area of training) includes periods of work after receiving a diploma corresponding to the specific specialty (area of training) specified in the education document.
What is experience by profile years
Certainly. Because there are qualification requirements for the position that require the presence of a prof. education. Qualification reference books are approved by resolutions of the Ministry of Labor.) Valentina, as far as I understand, has a different situation. She has work experience in one specialty, and a diploma in another. And if there are no specific profs for the position for which she is applying. requirements, then work experience can be confirmed by labor. Well, if there is, there’s nothing you can do about it.
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While I was writing, Valentina also added. This is where stupidity comes in. Those. There are no professional requirements for the position. They don’t care, as long as the diploma specialty is confirmed by the same experience.
Types of work experience
The time a person works in a particular field of work does not imply the provision of any benefits, additional payments or other preferences. The main point of the length of work in a specialty is to make it clear to the employer when hiring an employee that he is faced with a person with certain experience and possessing certain professional skills. Accordingly, the more work experience in the required specialty, the higher the chances of such an applicant to get a job in the organization.
Thus, in order to be admitted to the bar exam, a lawyer must have, in addition to specialized education, a certain amount of practical work experience. To be appointed to the position of prosecutor of a region or republic, a justice worker must work for at least 7 years in lower positions.
WORK EXPERIENCE
WORK EXPERIENCE, WORK EXPERIENCE - the duration of the employee’s work activity. They are distinguished: total (the total duration of any work as a worker or employee); continuous (duration of continuous work at one enterprise or institution);... ...Vocational education. Dictionary
Work experience - length of service and experience in the field of examination of specific objects. Source: SDA 12: Rules for the certification of experts of the industrial safety examination system ... Dictionary-reference book of terms of normative and technical documentation
