What is the liability for exceeding the cash register limit?

We decipher the concept of “cash limit”

In simple terms, the phrase “cash limit” is deciphered quite simply: this is the maximum allowable amount of cash in the cash vault, safe or cash register of a commercial company at the end of the day.
This norm was introduced by the Central Bank of the Russian Federation, and the accounting department of an enterprise must set this limit individually at the beginning of each calendar year. Setting and maintaining a cash limit is a headache for many accountants. In order to avoid surpluses, they have to constantly monitor cash, and if in the evening there is suddenly more money in the cash register than the established norm, then the accounting representative needs to go to the bank to deposit funds into the company’s current accounts. Otherwise, it is unlikely that you will be able to avoid administrative punishment during any inspection.

Why do you need a cash limit?

The procedure for establishing a cash balance limit is currently regulated by Bank of Russia Directive No. 3210-U dated March 11, 2014 “On the procedure for conducting cash transactions by legal entities and the simplified procedure for conducting cash transactions by individual entrepreneurs and small businesses.” This document came into force on June 1, 2014; until that moment, a different procedure for conducting cash transactions was in force - established by the Regulation of the Bank of Russia dated October 12, 2011 No. 373-P “On the procedure for conducting cash transactions with banknotes and coins of the Bank of Russia on the territory of the Russian Federation "

In accordance with Bank of Russia Directive No. 3210-U, the cash balance limit is the maximum allowable amount of cash that can be kept in the cash register after the amount of cash balance at the end of the working day is displayed in the cash book. The amount of money exceeding the established limit must be kept in bank accounts. Storing “extra-limit” amounts of money at the cash desk is allowed only on certain days (paragraph 8, clause 2 of Bank of Russia Directive No. 3210-U):

• intended for payment of wages, payments included in the wage fund, scholarships, social payments - no more than five working days, including the day of receipt of cash from a bank account for these payments (paragraph 1, clause 6.5, clause 6 of the Bank of Russia Instructions No. 3210-U);
• weekends – in case of conducting cash transactions on these days;
• non-working holidays - in case of conducting cash transactions on these days.

In other cases, the accumulation of cash in the cash register in excess of the established limit entails administrative liability in the form of a fine (Article 15.1 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation):

• from 4 thousand rubles to 5 thousand rubles - for officials and individual entrepreneurs;
• from 40 thousand rubles to 50 thousand rubles - for legal entities.

The current procedure for conducting cash transactions in the Russian Federation provides for the right to refuse to establish a cash balance limit for the following categories of economic entities (paragraph 10, clause 2 of Bank of Russia Directive No. 3210-U):

• legal entities related to small businesses;

• individual entrepreneurs, regardless of the taxation system applied.

Please note: In order to exercise the right not to set a cash limit, organizations do not need to register in special registers of small businesses (in regions where such registers are maintained) - there is no such requirement in Bank of Russia Directive No. 3210-U. It is enough only to actually comply with the criteria established for small businesses (clause 1, article 4 of the Federal Law of July 24, 2007 No. 209-FZ “On the development of small and medium-sized businesses in the Russian Federation”):

• the average number of employees for the previous calendar year is no more than 100 people;
• revenue from the sale of goods, works, services excluding VAT for the previous calendar year – no more than 800 million rubles. (Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation dated July 13, 2015 No. 702). The specified value applies from July 25, 2015; before this day, the revenue limit was 400 million rubles.
• the share of participation in the authorized capital of other legal entities that are not small or medium-sized businesses is no more than 25%;
• the total share of participation of the Russian Federation, its constituent entities, municipalities, foreign legal entities, public and religious organizations or associations, charitable and other foundations in the authorized capital of a legal entity does not exceed 25%.

Individual entrepreneurs and small businesses can refuse to set a cash balance limit and keep an unlimited amount of cash proceeds in the cash register from June 1, 2015. Organizations that acquired the status of a small business entity after June 1, 2015, receive the right to waive the cash limit starting from the day they acquired such status. For example, the organization’s revenue for 2014 amounted to 500 million rubles, all other criteria for classification as an SMP were met. Thus, from July 25, 2015 (when the revenue limit for SMP was increased from 400 million rubles to 800 million rubles), the organization acquired the status of SMP and, accordingly, the right to refuse the cash register limit.

In order to exercise your right to refuse to set a cash balance limit, you must:

• cancel the previously valid order establishing a cash balance limit;

• issue an order according to which, from a certain date, a limit on the cash balance is not established.

Please note : If the above order is missing, then when checking cash discipline, inspectors can either accept the limit approved by the order before 06/01/2014 as the established cash balance limit, or, even worse, consider that the limit has not been established. In the latter case, the cash balance limit is assumed to be zero, that is, any amount of cash in the cash register will be considered “over the limit”.

Is it necessary to set a cash balance limit?

The cash balance limit at the end of the working day is established by all enterprises working with cash, except for those classified as small enterprises. Individual enterprises also may not set a cash balance limit.

As it was before

Previously, absolutely all enterprises and organizations dealing with cash had to limit the remaining funds in the cash register. Since June 2014, this practice has changed: now some business representatives may not set limits. It is not surprising that many wanted to exercise this right.

However, audits carried out by tax authorities discovered some violations caused by insufficient knowledge of the legislative framework regarding the unlimited maintenance of cash balances and, as a result, applied penalties to a number of enterprises and organizations.

That is why, in order to avoid claims from tax authorities, you need to exercise your right to an unlimited cash register competently and with a clear understanding of all the rules of this process.

When can you legally keep cash in excess of the limit?

There are two cases when you can exceed your cash limit. The first is on the days of payment of salaries, benefits, scholarships, social benefits and other payments that relate to the salary fund. Funds for these purposes can be kept in the cash register for five working days. After this period, hand over the excess cash to the bank.

And the second case is on weekends and holidays, if cash transactions are carried out on these days. Collect excess proceeds for such days no later than the first business day established for depositing excess proceeds to the bank.

This procedure is provided for in paragraph 8 of paragraph 2, paragraph 6.5 of the Bank of Russia Directive No. 3210-U dated March 11, 2014.

Situation: is it possible to leave cash proceeds received on the day of salary payment in the cash register? Did you receive cash from the bank to pay salaries? At the end of the day, the amount of revenue and unpaid wages exceeds the cash balance limit.

No you can not.

An organization cannot accumulate cash proceeds at the cash desk even for issuing salaries (clause 2 of Bank of Russia Directive No. 3210-U dated March 11, 2014). And storing excess proceeds in the cash register can be qualified as accumulating cash. For such actions, the tax inspectorate may fine the organization under Article 15.1 of the Code of the Russian Federation on Administrative Offenses.

Thus, the funds received from the bank for the payment of salaries are targeted. Their amount is predetermined, and it can exceed the established cash balance limit only within five working days, including the day of receipt of cash for these payments from a bank account (clause 6.5 of the Bank of Russia Directive No. 3210-U dated March 11, 2014).

An example of calculating above-limit cash earnings on payday

Alpha LLC has set a cash balance limit of 30,000 rubles. The organization issues salaries for March on April 5, 6 and 7. According to the payroll for March, the amount of salary to be paid is 100,000 rubles. Alpha received this amount in cash from the bank on April 5. Daily cash revenue is 50,000 rubles. The organization delivers excess cash to the bank every day.

The accountant calculates the amount of excess cash as follows:

At the beginning of April 6, the cash desk should have an amount not exceeding the limit (30,000 rubles) and the balance of unpaid wages. At the beginning of the day on April 5, there was no cash in the cash register. Data on the issuance of salaries and cash flows at the cash desk are shown in the table:

Situation: is it possible to leave cash proceeds received on the day of salary payment in the cash register? The organization did not receive cash from the bank to pay salaries. At the end of the day, the amount of revenue exceeds the cash balance limit.

Yes, you can.

An organization can spend cash proceeds on paying salaries (clause 2 of Bank of Russia Directive No. 3073-U dated October 7, 2013). If the organization did not receive money for the payment of salaries from the bank, it has the right to leave in the cash register the proceeds received on the days the salaries were paid (paragraph 8, paragraph 2 of the Bank of Russia Directive No. 3210-U dated March 11, 2014). In this case, the tax inspectorate cannot hold her accountable for accumulating funds in the cash register in excess of established limits. The FAS Volga-Vyatka District came to a similar conclusion in its resolution dated June 22, 2006 No. A28-2031/2004-61/27.

Who sets the cash balance limit and how?

To answer all these questions, let us turn to Appendix 2 of the Bank of Russia Instructions dated March 11, 2014 No. 3210-U (as amended on June 16, 2017 No. 4416-U) “On the procedure for conducting cash transactions by legal entities and the simplified procedure for conducting cash transactions by individual entrepreneurs and small businesses."

Which companies may not install it?

The size of the cash balance must be established by all legal entities, regardless of their legal form and the taxation system used.

According to paragraph 2 of the Directive of the Central Bank of Russia No. 3210-U, an exception is made for small businesses, which include individual entrepreneurs. These business participants are allowed a simplified scheme for conducting cash transactions without approval of a limited balance.

A company is classified as a small business if it meets the following criteria:

• annual revenue does not exceed 800 million rubles;
• the average number of employees is no more than 100 people;
• the share of third parties in the authorized capital is not higher than 49%.

If an organization suddenly has the right to cancel the limit, it can do so at any time. To do this, it is necessary to issue an appropriate order. Only its presence means that the company can keep any amount of money in the cash register and dispose of cash at its discretion.

With whom should the established cash standard be agreed upon?

The maximum cash limit is clearly regulated by an administrative act of the management of a company or individual entrepreneur who wishes to limit the amount of the daily cash balance.

The issuance of a corresponding order by the manager is a sufficient procedure for putting this limit into effect.

There is no need to coordinate this restriction with the tax service, the servicing commercial bank, or other external entities.

You just need to follow the generally binding procedure for calculating such a limit.

How often can I change sizes in a company?

The organization, at its own discretion, establishes or revises the period during which a given cash balance limit should be in effect.

The order approving the cash limit usually only mentions the date of entry into force of such a limitation.

Thus, the maximum cash limit established by a specific order of management can be valid at the enterprise for several years, and can be adjusted monthly if there is a real need for this.

Whether it is necessary to annually establish and review the current standard is not enshrined in legislation.

It is advisable to review (adjust) this limit in the following cases:

• the amount of incoming cash revenue has changed significantly;
• the amount of cash spent has increased or decreased significantly.

For how long is the limit set?

This issue has not been resolved by law. The enterprise itself determines the frequency of setting the limit on the cash balance in the cash register.

How to calculate the cash balance limit for 2020 - 2021?

How to calculate the cash balance limit? Bank of Russia Directive No. 3210-U provides for such a calculation two outwardly identical formulas, which differ fundamentally only in the characteristics of the volume of turnover (real or planned) of funds involved in the calculation:

• Sales revenue volume. It does not take into account funds accepted by the paying agent (subagent).
• Volume of cash disbursements. It does not include funds for paying employees salaries, scholarships, and social benefits.

The first volume in Bank of Russia instruction No. 3210-U is designated by the letter V, and the second by R. And the formulas for calculating the limit (L) with these letters look like this:

L = V / P × N;

L = R / P × N;

where the remaining 2 indicators (P and N) are very similar in meaning, but characterize, respectively, the process to which one of the indicators that determine the calculation formula (V or R) relates:

• P is the billing period (defined in working days with the condition that their number does not exceed 92), during which either volume V is received or volume R is issued;
• N is the number of working days between the days of depositing money to the bank (for indicator V) or receiving it from the bank (for indicator R).

When determining the number of days that make up the value of the indicator N, the facts of acceptance and issuance of funds not included in the volumes (V and R) are not taken into account. It has been established that the number of days that make up the indicator N should not exceed 7, and if there is no bank in the locality where the legal entity is located, then 14. Although the value of this indicator may depend on such things as:

• force majeure circumstances;
• location, structure and features of the legal entity’s activities.

An example of calculating the cash register limit taking into account the volume of receipts from ConsultantPlus: Cash revenue of Rassvet LLC from the sale of goods for the billing period from 09/01/2020 to 11/30/2020 (64 working days) amounted to RUB 2,385,648. Revenue is surrendered daily (once a day)... Read the continuation of the example in the legal reference system. And if you don't have access to K+, get a trial demo access for free.

See also: “How to calculate the cash balance limit?”

What document establishes the cash limit?

The cash limit is not agreed upon with the bank. The organization and individual entrepreneur approve it independently by issuing an order signed by the director or individual entrepreneur. The cash limit, at the discretion of the manager, is approved for any period (month, quarter, year, etc.). After the expiration of the specified period, a new order is issued. The deadline may not be specified in the order, and then you can work with this limit for several years until you approve a new document with new calculations.

Example document

LLC "Success"

ORDER No. 0001 dated 01/11/2016 On establishing a limit on the cash balance of an enterprise In accordance with the Directive of the Bank of Russia dated 03/11/2014 No. 3210-U “On the procedure for conducting cash transactions by legal entities and the simplified procedure for conducting cash transactions by individual entrepreneurs and small entities entrepreneurship" and based on the calculation of the cash balance limit in the cash register, determined based on the volume of cash dispensed from the cash register, I order: 1. Establish from 01/01/2016 a cash balance limit in the cash register in the amount of 60,606 (sixty thousand six hundred six) rubles.

Appendix: Calculation of the cash balance limit in the cash register.

Director _______________ Full name

Cash payment limit in 2021

Home / Cash discipline

The cash payment limit is a legal limitation on the maximum amount within which organizations (IPs) are allowed to make and accept cash payments under one agreement.

Limit size

The procedure for cash payments is standardized by the Directive of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation dated October 7, 2013 No. 3073-U (hereinafter referred to as the Directive).

This act sets a limit of 100,000 rubles. for cash payments between the parties to the transaction.

If cash payments are made in foreign currency, the threshold is equal to the amount corresponding to 100 thousand rubles. at the rate established by the Central Bank of the Russian Federation on the day the money is received at the cash desk of the business entity.

Participants of limited settlements

Limitation of settlements applies to legal entities. individuals and individual entrepreneurs, but does not apply to individuals.

Below, in the table, possible variations of transactions using cash between parties falling under the scope of the Directive, as well as those free from compliance with the limit, are considered.

List of abbreviations used:

• LE – organization (legal entity);
• FL – a citizen who is not registered as an individual entrepreneur (individual);
• Individual entrepreneur - individual entrepreneur.

Cash payments without restrictions

Cash can be spent without restrictions on:

• payment of wages and other payments included in the wage fund;
• insurance payments and social payments (maternity pay, vacation pay, sick leave, etc.);
• issuing money to employees on account (including for travel expenses);
• payment of money by an individual entrepreneur to himself for personal expenses, if such funds are not used to conduct commercial activities.

It is prohibited to issue money from the cash register of an organization (IP) for purposes not specified in the Directive.

For example: a business entity plans to issue a loan to an employee. In this case, the cash proceeds should be handed over to a financial institution (bank), and then the funds should be received by check and handed over to the employee.

In this case, the subject will pay the bank commission twice: for depositing funds into the account and for withdrawing cash by check.

An individual entrepreneur has the right to withdraw any amount from the cash register; to do this, it is necessary to issue an expenditure order, indicating the following wording as the basis: “For personal needs.”

Compliance with the limit is also not required for the following types of calculations:

1. Operations carried out through the Bank of Russia;
2. Customs payments, as well as payments for taxes and duties;
3. Banking operations that are carried out in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.

Payments within one agreement

Cash within the current limit can be spent on:

• acquisition of products (except for securities), services, works;
• refund of funds for a previously purchased transaction item, provided that it was paid for in cash.

The settlement threshold cannot be exceeded within a single agreement. In this case, the specifics of concluding the contract do not matter.

If the total price of the agreement is more than 100,000 rubles, you can pay part of the amount within the limit in cash, and the remaining funds should be transferred by bank transfer.

When concluding several agreements with one counterparty, even signed at the same time, the total value of cash obligations can be anything. But the amount of cash payments for each contract separately should not exceed the permissible limit.

If several agreements with a similar subject of transaction have been concluded between the parties and the terms of the agreements have not undergone significant changes, the court qualifies such contracts as “one agreement” with all the ensuing consequences.

Penalty for exceeding the cash payment limit

For non-compliance with the procedure for handling cash, fines are provided, according to Art. 15.1 Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation:

• from 40 to 50 thousand rubles. for legal entities persons (organizations);
• from 4 to 5 thousand rubles. for officials and individual entrepreneurs.

Cases related to non-compliance with the Directives of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation are within the competence of the tax authorities (Article 23.5 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation).

The period during which inspectors can impose a fine for failure to comply with the cash payment threshold is no more than 2 months from the date of such violation. It does not matter when the violation was actually discovered.

Administrative liability for non-compliance with legislative norms applies to both the recipient of funds and the payer (Article 15.1 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation). Judicial practice universally supports this position with decisions in favor of the budget.

Read in more detail: Cash payment limit between legal entities

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Conducting cash transactions

In accordance with Directive No. 3210-U, “legal entities and individual entrepreneurs can conduct cash transactions electronically. Cash transactions are formalized by incoming cash orders 0310001, outgoing cash orders 0310002 (hereinafter referred to as cash documents).

Cash documents can be drawn up:

1. Chief accountants, bookkeepers, or other officials with whom an agreement for accounting has been concluded, as well as managers (in the absence of a chief accountant and accountant).
2. Cash documents are signed by the chief accountant or accountant (in their absence by the manager), as well as by the cashier.
3. The cashier is provided with a seal (stamp) containing details confirming the cash transaction, as well as sample signatures of authorized persons.

Cash received at the cash register and cash issued from the cash register are recorded in cash book 0310004.

Responsibility for conducting cash transactions

The absence of primary documents or registers of accounting or tax accounting is qualified by the tax code “as a gross violation of the rules for accounting for income and expenses and objects of taxation.” Article 120 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation provides for liability for this violation in the form of a fine in the amount of 10,000 rubles for a violation in one tax period, 30,000 rubles if the violations were committed during more than one tax period. The same acts that resulted in an understatement of the tax base entail a fine in the amount of 20% of the amount of unpaid tax, but not less than 40,000 rubles.

How to calculate cash limit

This is the question that most interests novice accountants. There is no need to rack your brains over it - calculation options are provided for by law:

• Based on the volume of cash receipts using the formula:
  Limit = Revenue / Billing period x Days
• By the volume of cash issuance (if there is no cash proceeds) using the formula:
  Limit = Issues / Billing period x Days

Calculation formulas with examples

According to Directive of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation No. 3210-U, there are two main options for calculating the carry-over balance. Their difference is that in one case the basis is data on cash revenues, in the second – information on cash expenses.

However, there is no direct indication of which formula is preferable for a particular organization. This means that now business entities are free to decide for themselves which calculation method to use, and can choose the most convenient and profitable option for themselves.

When calculating based on cash proceeds, the following formula is used:

L = V / P * N , where

• V is the received revenue in the form of cash for a certain period of time. For newly formed organizations, estimated earnings are taken into account.
• P – period of time in working days, not exceeding 92 days, for which the volume of revenue in question was received. It turns out that when calculating, you can use even one working day or take into account the peak period in terms of revenue volumes (for example, the weeks before New Year).
• N – time period in working days, reflecting the frequency of depositing funds to the bank, but not exceeding 7 working days, and in the absence of a banking institution in the locality - 14 days.

Let's look at an example. The company sets a limit for 2021 and takes as its calculation base the peak period in its work - April-May 2015, which is 61 working days. During this period, cash proceeds in the amount of 1,500,000 rubles were received. Funds are deposited at the bank every three days. This means that the carryover balance for this organization will be:

• L = 1,500,000 / 61 * 3 = 73,770 (round up to whole rubles).

The second calculation formula based on cash expenses is convenient to use when a business entity has insignificant or non-existent cash receipts:

L = R / P * N , where

• R is the cash issued for a certain period in rubles, not counting the following payments: wages, vacation pay, benefits, scholarships, etc. Organizations created for the first time use the expected amount of issue to calculate.
• P – period of time in working days for which funds were issued. It can range from 1 to 92 days.
• N – time period for receiving cash from a banking institution (excluding wages, benefits, etc.). This period is also no more than 7 working days, if there is no bank nearby - 14 days.

Calculation example. The company sets the limit for 2021. The basis is the amount of cash expenses incurred in September 2021. With a five-day working week, the billing period is 22 working days. Cash payments to counterparties for this month amounted to 450,000 rubles. Money is withdrawn from the bank account every four days.

Let's calculate the limit:

• L = 450,000 / 22 * ​​4 = 81,818 (we also round to whole rubles).

Do I need to agree on a limit?

The cash balance limit is an internal document of the enterprise. There is no need to coordinate it with anyone.

How to choose periods

The company chooses the period for which the data is taken completely arbitrarily. But, in any case, the cash balance limit is set based on data taken for no more than 92 business days. The period between the days of depositing cash into a bank account and the period between the days of receiving cash by check should not exceed 7 working days, and in the absence of a bank in a given locality - 14.

Limit when there is no cash proceeds

If there is no cash proceeds (for example, there were only non-cash payments), then calculate the balance limit based on the volume of cash issued. The exception is amounts intended to pay salaries, scholarships and other payments to employees - do not take them into account when calculating the limit.

To calculate the limit if there is no cash proceeds, use the formula:

The billing period for which the cash balance limit is determined can be taken arbitrarily. This could be the period:

• which precedes the calculation (for example, calculate the limit for the third quarter based on data for the second quarter of the current year);

• in which the receipt of cash was maximum (for example, make the calculation based on the data of the fourth quarter of the previous year, in which there were maximum receipts of revenue);

• similar for previous years (for example, calculate the limit for the third quarter of 2021 based on the indicators of the third quarter of 2015).

In the billing period, include all days of work, but not more than 92 working days. If an entrepreneur or organization works on weekends and non-working holidays, then also include these days in the calculation period to calculate the limit.

This procedure follows from paragraph 2 of the appendix to the instruction of the Bank of Russia dated March 11, 2014 No. 3210-U.

The resulting limit value can be rounded to full rubles (letter of the Bank of Russia dated September 24, 2012 No. 36-3/1876, Federal Tax Service of Russia dated March 6, 2014 No. ED-4-2/4116).

An example of calculating the cash balance limit at the cash register. There is no cash proceeds, money is withdrawn from the organization’s account

Torgovaya LLC purchases recyclable materials from the population. Hermes has no separate divisions. Cash is withdrawn from the bank account every three days. The cash balance limit is calculated based on accounting data for January, February, March of the previous year.

Hermes has a five-day work week. Therefore, the billing period is 56 working days (15 days + 19 days + 22 days).

The turnover on the credit of account 50 “Cashier”, excluding payments to employees, amounted to 2,800,000 rubles:

• in January – 960,000 rubles;
• in February – 800,000 rubles;
• in March – 1,040,000 rubles.

The Hermes accountant calculated the permissible limit for the cash balance in the cash register: 150,000 rubles. (RUB 2,800,000: 56 days × 3 days).

Based on these data, the head of the organization set by his order a limit on the cash balance in the amount of 150,000 rubles.

Situation: how to determine the cash limit? Does the organization pay only dividends, there are no other cash transactions?

Determine the limit based on the amount of cash issued.

When calculating the limit, payments to employees are not taken into account: salaries, scholarships, benefits, etc. But dividends do not apply to such payments. Therefore, if the organization does not have cash revenue, calculate the limit based on the volume of previously paid dividends. This conclusion can be drawn based on the provisions of paragraph 2 of the appendix to the instruction of the Bank of Russia dated March 11, 2014 No. 3210-U and Article 43 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation.

In order for the limit to be sufficient, it is not necessary to take all dividend payment days. After all, for the billing period only a limit is set - 92 working days. Include in the calculation the days when the payment amount was maximum. It could be one day.

For example, in the previous year dividends totaled 100,000 rubles. paid within three days:

• first day – 2000 rub.;

• second – 60,000 rubles;

• third – 38,000 rub.

When calculating the cash balance limit, it is optimal to include in the calculation only the second day, when the payment amount was the largest.

The company receives money from the bank only to pay dividends, so the frequency of receiving money from the bank for the calculation was taken as the maximum - 7 days. As a result, the limit will be 420,000 rubles. (RUB 60,000: 1 day × 7 days).

What to do if it exceeds?

The establishment and observance of this limit assumes that there should be no excess cash in the cash register of a business entity by the end of the operating day.

Any excess of a given limit - an over-limit amount - is subject to transfer/credit to a commercial bank.

In what cases is it permissible to exceed the cash register limit?

According to the law, organizations and enterprises are allowed to have a cash surplus on strictly defined days:

• if cash transactions are carried out on weekends or non-working holidays;
• if it is planned to pay wages, material, social assistance, scholarships, etc.

No more than five working days are allocated for these payments from the date of withdrawal of funds for these purposes from the company’s current account.

Any other circumstances cannot serve as an excuse for exceeding the cash limit and for this reason will inevitably lead to administrative punishment for the company in the form of penalties. As for the payment of fines, they can be assessed in the following amounts:

• in relation to legal entities (organizations and enterprises), penalties may be imposed in the amount of money from 40 to 50 thousand rubles;
• in relation to individual entrepreneurs, as well as officials (managers or accountants) of commercial organizations, penalties in the amount of 4 to 5 thousand rubles may be imposed.

What is the cash withdrawal limit?

The cash withdrawal limit is the maximum amount of funds that the client has the right to receive in cash through an ATM or at the cash desk of a bank branch. At Sberbank, the total limit also includes funds that were transferred from the card account. Limits are set on withdrawals per day, per month or per transaction. The presence of limits reduces the risks of fraudulent transactions and encourages customers to more often use a bank card as a means of payment.

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Right to refuse cash limit

For individual entrepreneurs, as well as certain categories of organizations and enterprises, the law provides the right to refuse to maintain the maximum established financial indicator at the cash desk.

Those commercial organizations that belong to the small business sector can take advantage of this right. This right also applies to all individual entrepreneurs, regardless of the tax regime they use.

The right to refuse a cash limit does not imply any special rules or actions; simple compliance with certain parameters is quite sufficient:

• the marginal income indicator should be no more than 800 thousand rubles excluding VAT for goods sold or services rendered;
• limited number of employees (over the last calendar year, the number of employees in the organization should not exceed 100 people);
• No more than a quarter of the share of other legal entities should participate in the authorized capital.

If a company meets these requirements, it can keep an unlimited amount of funds on hand.

In situations where the right to no cash limit arises not from the very moment of registration of the company, but directly in the course of its activities, then in order to exercise this right, the management of the enterprise will need to take the following steps:

• cancel in a written resolution the previously issued order establishing a cash limit;
• issue a new order with the stated condition that there is no cash limit (from what date).

Results

The figure corresponding to the amount above which the cash balance in the legal entity’s operating cash desk at the end of the working day cannot be exceeded should be determined by the legal entity itself, using a legally established formula. The formula has 2 outwardly identical options, which differ fundamentally in the characteristics of the volume of cash money involved in the calculation: this is either the volume of sales or the volume of payments for a certain period. Other indicators included in the formula are similar in meaning, but their meanings depend on what specific (sales or payments) volume of cash is taken as the basis for the calculation.

Sources

• https://assistentus.ru/kassa/limit/
• https://buh-aktiv.ru/limit-kassy-soblyudat-ili-otkazatsya/
• https://twojbuhgalter.ru/limit-ostatka-denezhnyx-sredstv-v-kasse-ustanavlivaetsya/
• https://ZnayDelo.ru/buhgalteriya/raschet-limita-kassy.html
• https://praktibuh.ru/buhuchet/denezhnye-sredstva/nalichnye/uchet/limit-ostatka-kassy.html
• https://nalogovaya.ru/article/bukhgalterskiy-uchet/limit-kassy
• https://spravochnick.ru/buhgalterskiy_uchet_i_audit/gornye_iskopaemye_resursy/prevyshenie_limita_kassy/
• https://nalog-nalog.ru/buhgalterskij_uchet/vedenie_buhgalterskogo_ucheta/kassovaya_disciplina_limit_ostatka_kassy/