Accounting for provision of applications for participation in procurement

Accounting for ensuring participation in electronic trading

In a broad sense, ensuring participation in bidding on electronic platforms is not limited only to the security payment as such. The company bears the necessary costs, without which participation in the auction is impossible. They must be reflected correctly in accounting, also guided by the norms of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation.

Dt 76 Kt 51 - security payment transferred.
Dt 009 - the amount of security is fixed.
Dt 51 Kt 76 - security deposit returned.
Dt 009 - the security amount has been written off.

Accounting for security payments

Security payments are reflected in accounting using account 76, to which it is recommended to open a “purchases” subaccount. The collateral amount is simultaneously reflected in off-balance sheet account 009. Expenses for using the electronic platform can be reflected in accounts 20, 26, 44, etc.

Dt 76 Kt 51 - security payment transferred.
Dt 009 - the amount of security is fixed.
Dt 51 Kt 76 - security deposit returned.
Dt 009 - the security amount has been written off.

If special bank accounts are used when recording security payments, it is advisable to generate transactions involving account 55. Many organizations participating in electronic trading use this BU account when working directly with the personal account of the electronic platform.

Dt 55-sv. Kt 51 - transfer of funds to a special account (personal account).
Dt 55-bl. Kt 55-sv - blocking of funds in the amount of the security deposit on the application.
Dt 009 - the amount of security is fixed.
Dt 55-sv Kt 55-bl. — the security deposit is unblocked.
Kt 009 - the security amount has been written off.
Dt 51 Kt 55 - funds were transferred to the current account.

Sub-accounts “electronic platform”, “trading”, etc. can be opened for account 55. When creating internal transactions, blocked funds and free funds are separated using sub-accounts.

If the winner does not want to fulfill his duties and avoids concluding an agreement, the monetary security is transferred to the customer - Dt 91-2 Kt 55 (76). In this case, if there was a bank guarantee, internal posting is made Dt 76 (customer) Kt 76 (bank) - the debt is repaid by the bank, and then the winner pays it: Dt 76 (bank) Kt 51.

Accounting for provision of applications for participation in procurement

The organization’s funds on the personal account of the electronic trading platform are accounted for in account 55 “Special accounts in banks” in accordance with the Instructions for using the chart of accounts. Sub-accounts can be opened for account 55 to reflect free and blocked funds. In addition, it is advisable to open sub-accounts for each platform (Roseltorg, Sberbank-AST, RTS, etc.), since each electronic platform opens its own personal account.

If you are unwilling or unable to use your own funds to secure an application, a participant in a competition or closed auction may use a bank guarantee. Under the terms of the bank guarantee, the bank assumes the obligation to secure the participant’s application (Article 368 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation). If the participant is found to have evaded concluding the contract, the bank, at the request of the customer, will transfer to the latter the amount of the application security. Naturally, the bank’s services for providing a bank guarantee are paid for the procurement participant and are reflected in accounting as part of other expenses in account 91-2.

Accounting records in a budgetary (autonomous) institution

The transfer by a budgetary (autonomous) institution of funds to secure an application to a special bank account and their blocking can be reflected as follows:

Debit 0 201 26 510 (increase 17, KOSGU 510) Credit 0 201 11 610 (increase 18, KOSGU 610) - funds were transferred to secure the application to a special bank account;
Debit 0 210 05 560 Credit 0 201 26 610 (increase 18, KOSGU 610) - the blocking of collateral funds in a special bank account is reflected;
Debit 0 201 26 510 (increase 17, KOSGU 510) Credit 0 210 05 660 - the removal of the blocking of collateral funds in a special bank account is reflected;
Debit 0 201 11 510 (increase 17, KOSGU 510) Credit 0 201 26 610 (increase 18, KOSGU 610) - reflects the return of collateral from a special account in the bank.

More on the topic: Transition to treasury accounts: what changes for institutions

Participation in electronic trading and recording in accounting

The provision of a security payment involves stimulating the debtor to fulfill its obligations in a proper manner. In addition, such a payment prevents (reduces) the risk of negative consequences associated with non-fulfillment or improper fulfillment of obligations.

Then, in the month the result is announced, the credit balance on account 76 is written off either as expenses for ordinary activities (accounts 41 “Goods”, 44 “Sales expenses”) (in case of winning), or to the debit of account 91 “Other income and expenses” "(sub-account "Other expenses") (in case of loss).

Bidding: how to take into account the costs of holding or participating

The winning bidder's accounting after signing the contract will depend on what exactly was won. If this is the right to enter into a lease, then you will subsequently record lease transactions. If you win a construction contract, then you will have “construction” transactions.

The fact of bidding, the form in which and when it will be held, what the starting (auction) or maximum (competition) price is, must be announced in an advertisement placed in a newspaper, on television or simply in a visible place, at least than 30 days before the start of trading in clause 2 of Art. 448 Civil Code of the Russian Federation.

Trade accounting

Let's consider accounting for transactions involving tendering and participation in them for each of the parties.

Accounting with the auction organizer

The organizer’s accounting largely depends on what the result will be and what exactly is sold at the auction:

<or> property;
<or> the right to conclude an agreement (for example, to rent premises).

Depending on this, the organizer will make the following transactions. 3 PBU 9/99 “Income of the organization”, approved. By Order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated 06.05.99 No. 32n; pp. 4, 11 PBU 10/99 “Expenses of the organization”, approved. By Order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated 05/06/99 No. 33n; Instructions for the use of the Chart of Accounts for accounting financial and economic activities of organizations, approved. By Order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated October 31, 2000 No. 94n.

Dt	CT
On the date of receipt of the deposit
Received a deposit for participation in the auction (competition)	51 “Current accounts”	76 “Settlements with various debtors and creditors”
On the date of preparation for trading
Goods (work, services) were purchased for further bidding	91 “Other income and expenses”, subaccount 2 “Other expenses”	60 “Settlements with suppliers and contractors” or 76 “Settlements with various debtors and creditors”
VAT is reflected on purchased goods (works, services)	19 “VAT on purchased assets”	60 “Settlements with suppliers and contractors” or 76 “Settlements with various debtors and creditors”
Accepted for deduction of VAT on purchased goods (works, services)	68 “Calculations for taxes and fees”	19 “VAT on purchased assets”
On the date of announcement of auction results, if property was sold at auction
Deposits returned to losers	76 “Settlements with various debtors and creditors”	51 “Current accounts”
On the date of signing the contract
The winner's deposit is taken into account as an advance payment	76 “Settlements with various debtors and creditors”	62 “Settlements with buyers and customers”
VAT charged on prepayment	76 “Settlements with various debtors and creditors”	68 “Calculations for taxes and fees”, subaccount “Calculations for VAT”

If you held a competition for the subsequent conclusion of an agreement under which you would have to supply goods, lease property, etc., then the deposit from the winner will not be considered an advance payment, but a payment for the right to participate in the competition. Then you will need to make a posting: debit account 76 “Settlements with various debtors and creditors” – credit account 60 “Settlements with suppliers and contractors”. In the future, you will have “regular” transactions under the concluded agreement.

Accounting with the bidder

If you yourself participate in the auction, then accounting will largely depend on whether you manage to win it. And also on whether you will purchase or create something to participate in them.

The main transactions and their reflection in accounting will be as follows: Instructions for using the Chart of Accounts.

Dt	CT
On the date of payment of the deposit
A deposit has been paid to participate in the auction (competition)	76 “Settlements with various debtors and creditors”	51 “Current accounts”
In preparation for the auction
Project creation services purchased if you participate in the competition	76 “Settlements with various debtors and creditors”, sub-account “Trading”	60 “Settlements with suppliers and contractors” or 76 “Settlements with various debtors and creditors”
VAT reflected on purchased	60 “Settlements with suppliers and contractors” or 76 “Settlements with various debtors and creditors”
Accepted for deduction of VAT on purchased services (as services are provided and if the necessary primary material is available)	68, subaccount “VAT calculations”	19 “VAT on purchased assets”
A project has been created to participate in the competition	76, sub-account “Trading”	10 “Materials” (41 “Goods”, 43 “Finished products”, 70 “Settlements with personnel for wages”)
On the date of announcement of the bidding results, if the bidding is lost
Returned deposit received	51 “Current accounts”	76 “Settlements with various debtors and creditors”
Expenses for preparing for bidding have been written off	91, subaccount 2 “Other expenses”	76, sub-account “Trading”
On the date of announcement of the bidding results, if the bidding is won
The previously paid deposit is taken into account as an advance payment (payment for participation in the competition) excluding VAT	60 “Settlements with suppliers and contractors”	76 “Settlements with various debtors and creditors”
VAT charged on prepayment	19 “VAT on purchased assets”	76 “Settlements with various debtors and creditors”
The costs of preparing for the auction were written off if a fixed asset was purchased*	08 “Investments in non-current assets”	76, sub-account “Trading”
* If instead of a fixed asset, materials or goods were purchased at the auction, then instead of this posting you will have the following posting: debit of account 10 (41) - credit of account 76, subaccount “Tenders” If, as a result of the auction, you won the right to conclude an agreement (for example, supply of goods, rental of property, etc.), then instead of this posting you will make the following posting: debit of account 91-2 - credit of account 76, subaccount “Trading”
On the date of signing the contract and receiving the invoice
Accepted for deduction of VAT on prepayment	68, subaccount “VAT calculations”	19 “VAT on purchased assets”

***

As we have seen, there are no difficulties in accounting for trades. In addition, selling or purchasing property at auction is a sure way to avoid questions from inspectors regarding the transaction price. After all, check it for “marketability” Art. 40 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation is already useless - the price was formed as a result of trading, in competition.

Expenses for participation in open electronic auctions

Note that an electronic signature is a requisite of an electronic document, intended to protect this electronic document from forgery, obtained as a result of cryptographic transformation of information using the private key of an electronic digital signature and allowing to identify the owner of the signature key certificate, as well as to establish the absence of distortion of information in the electronic document ( Article 3 of the Federal Law of January 10, 2021 N 1-FZ “On Electronic Digital Signature”).

Participation in trading transactions

• The Ministry of Finance in its letters dated 12/07/2021 N 03-11-05/317, dated 08/08/2021 N 03-11-11/39673 indicates that the costs of the electronic signature key for bidding, the security payment for the application, the costs associated with information support for bidding, for an electronic digital signature certificate for bidding, cannot be taken into account as part of expenses under the simplified tax system. Since these costs are not included in the list approved by paragraph 1 of Art. 346.16 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, which is closed.

The amount of money contributed by a participant in placing an order to secure an application for participation in the auction (it must be returned by the customer in certain cases specified by law) from an accounting point of view is not an expense of the organization, as follows from clause 2 of PBU 10/99, therefore For this amount, an entry is made Dt 76 Kt51. At the same time, in the context of trading, an entry is made to the off-balance sheet account 009

Participation in the competition

Often, in order to receive a contract for the construction of a facility or to perform contract work, it is necessary to take part in a competition. But not all participants in the competition win it. Read our article about accounting and taxation of the costs arising in this case under regular and simplified taxation systems.

Types of “competitive” costs When participating in a competition (tender), a construction company incurs certain costs - for the preparation of competition documentation, payment of organizational fees, etc. COSTS OF PARTICIPATION In fact, these costs are costs associated directly with the preparation and signing of the contract incurred before the date of its signing. In accordance with paragraph 15 of PBU 2/2008, they should be included in contract costs subject to two conditions: - if they can be reliably determined; - if in the reporting period in which they arose, there is a possibility that the agreement will be signed.