Depreciation of leased property for tax accounting purposes

Leasing traditionally raises many questions, especially for the lessee:

• how to show the receipt of an operating system for leasing in 1C 8.3 to the balance of the lessee;
• what are the postings of the advance payment under the leasing agreement in 1C 8.3;
• what are the transactions when accounting for leasing payments from the lessee in 1C 8.3;
• and many others.

And with the change in the VAT rate from 18% to 20%, another one appeared: what to do if the leasing agreement was concluded before 2021, and ends after?

In this article, we will look step-by-step at an example of purchasing a car on lease with analysis of transactions in 1C 8.3 - and we will just look at the agreement, the redemption of which is provided for in 2021. Minimum theory - maximum practice!

Transfer of advance payment to the lessor

Complete the transfer of the advance to the lessor with the document Debit from the current account, transaction type Payment to the supplier in the Bank and cash desk section – Bank – Bank statements – Debit from the current account.

Postings

Registration of SF for advance payment from supplier

The Lessee may deduct VAT from the advance payment to the Lessor if:

• correctly executed SF;
• agreement providing for prepayment;
• documents for transfer of advance payment.

You can register an invoice issued for an advance from the document Write-off from current account by clicking the Create based and selecting Invoice received .

Invoice document is automatically filled in with the data from the document Write-off from the current account .

• The transaction type code is “Advances issued.”

Entry into leasing in 1C 8.3: balance holder - lessee

At the time of transfer of property for leasing, the Lessor does not issue an invoice to the Lessee and does not present the VAT amount. Consequently, at the time of transfer of property for leasing, the Lessee does not have the right to deduct VAT from the cost of the leased property.

The Lessee's right to deduct VAT arises when:

• The lessor issues an invoice for lease payments;
• The lessor issues an invoice for the redemption price at the time of redemption of the property.

Document the receipt of leased property on the balance sheet of the lessee with the document Receipt into leasing from the section Fixed assets and intangible assets – Receipt of fixed assets – Receipt into leasing.

In accounting , the leased property recorded on the balance sheet by the Lessee is recognized by him as a fixed asset. Its initial cost is formed depending on the contract (clause 8 of PBU 6/01, Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation dated February 17, 1997 N 15):

• from the sum of all leasing payments and the redemption price, i.e. the full cost of the contract, including VAT, if there is only one contract and includes the terms of redemption and the redemption price;
• from the amount of all leasing payments without the redemption price, i.e. the full cost of the contract, including VAT, if there is a separate purchase and sale agreement for the redemption value of the leased asset.

Postings

The document generates transactions:

• Dt 08.04.1 Kt 76.07.1 - lease liabilities in the amount of the cost of the asset taken onto the balance sheet;
• Dt 76.07.9 Kt 76.07.1 - rental obligations in the amount of VAT 18%.

Attention! Due to the increase in the VAT rate to 20% in 2021, VAT obligations will change!

Accounting for the leased asset on the lessee's balance sheet in 1C: Enterprise Accounting 8

Published November 28, 2015 10:07 pm Author: Administrator Leasing always presents certain difficulties for an accountant. Especially many questions arise when accounting for the leased asset on the lessee’s balance sheet. In this article we will try to figure out how to work with the new features of the 1C: Enterprise Accounting 8 program in this situation. Currently, the program automates such operations as the receipt of property under lease, its acceptance for accounting, the calculation of depreciation on it, the reflection of current leasing payments, including the write-off of VAT on these payments, as well as the repurchase of property received under lease.

The first operation is reflected in the document “Receipt of leasing”. To go to the document, select the “OS and intangible assets” section.

In the selected document you will need to indicate the amount of all payments under the leasing agreement, that is, the full cost together with the redemption amount.

You will also need to note the accounts for accounting for rental obligations and accounting for VAT on rental obligations. After all, if you pay attention to the chart of accounts, you will notice that it has been replenished with sub-accounts for accounting for transactions with leased property, including transactions in foreign currency and in conventional units.

When posting the receipt document, entries will be generated to the debit of the non-current assets account and deferred VAT will be generated. It is important to note that ownership of leased property does not transfer. No invoice will be issued for this transaction.

To put an object of fixed assets into operation, we refer to the document “Acceptance for accounting of fixed assets”, which is located in the same section “Fixed assets and intangible assets”.

How does this acceptance differ from ordinary acceptance for accounting? Firstly, the method of receipt is “Under a leasing agreement.” That is, on the “Non-current asset” tab, you need to select the value “Under a leasing agreement” in the “Method of receipt” field. Based on this action, the details “Counterparty” and “Agreement” will appear, which also need to be filled out - this is the second difference in the document. “Counterparty” in this case is the lessor, and “Agreement” is the leasing agreement.

Thirdly, accounting accounts. On the “Accounting” tab, the accounting account (01.03) is indicated, as well as accrual parameters and the depreciation account (02.03).

Fourthly, the tax accounting amount is the amount of the lessor's expenses. Therefore, on the “Tax Accounting” tab, we indicate the initial cost for tax accounting purposes. This cost is the amount of the lessor's expenses for the acquisition of the leased asset. It is also necessary to fill out the method for reflecting expenses for leasing payments and do not forget about the parameters for calculating depreciation. Based on the fact that the property is listed on the lessee’s balance sheet, then in the “Procedure for including cost in expenses” field, “Accrual of depreciation” is indicated, and the “Accrue depreciation” flag is set.

When this document is posted, we receive a reflection of the initial cost of the property that was leased in the debit of account 01.03. According to accounting, the cost will be excluding VAT, and according to tax accounting, it will be the amount of the lessor’s costs. On the debit of account 01.K we will see the difference between the initial cost of the leased asset in accounting and accounting records, and account 08.04 will be closed.

As for subaccount 01.K “Adjustment of the value of leased property”, it takes into account the part of the cost of the organization’s fixed assets that are leased that is not depreciated in the NU.

Based on the agreement, it is necessary to carry out monthly accrual of leasing payments, which occurs using the document “Receipt (act, invoice)” with the transaction type “Purchases”.

In the calculations, it is required to enter an account for accounting for debt on lease payments, depending on the specific situation: 76.07.2, 76.27.2 or 76.37.2. The tabular section indicates the account for accounting for rental obligations; we also select, if necessary: ​​76.07.1, 76.27.1 or 76.37.1.

Below the tabular part we can enter and register an invoice, then VAT will be deducted.

After completing the document, we see a reflection of the accrual of the next lease payment, the write-off of part of the lease obligations, the write-off of the amount of “deferred” VAT and the reflection of “input” VAT on the amount of the accrued lease payment. Since we are considering property that is on the balance sheet of the lessee, its value is repaid through depreciation charges. To calculate the amount of depreciation for a month for both accounting and tax accounting, you need to perform month closing.

When we turn to the “Closing of the month” processing, we see the regulatory operations that are relevant for our situation: “Depreciation and depreciation of fixed assets” and “Recognition of leasing payments in the NU”. When performing the first of these operations, the amounts accrued on account 02.03 are written off as expenses. When implementing the following regulatory operation, the difference between the lease payments that were made through receipt documents and the accrued depreciation in tax accounting is calculated. When we work with the closure of the month, we can use the help-calculation “Recognition of expenses for fixed assets received under lease.”

The selected report illustrates the amounts of lease payments in the accounting and tax accounting of the lessee.

If suddenly, after accepting the leased property for accounting, it was necessary to change the method of reflecting expenses on lease payments, then in this case the document “Changing the reflection on lease payments” is provided, located in the section “Fixed assets and intangible assets”.

When creating, select the position of the same name.

In the “Method” field, indicate the new required method.

In the future, to correctly carry out the transfer of ownership, you should refer to the document “Repurchase of leased items”, through the section “Fixed assets and intangible assets”.

The document in question has been implemented specifically for the lessee to transfer data from subaccounts for leased property to subaccounts of its own fixed assets; pay off the remaining lease obligations, reflect the VAT claimed; pay off the remaining VAT on rental obligations.

As soon as we select the required organization and indicate the required counterparty and agreement, the remaining information is filled in automatically. Table data can be adjusted if necessary.

On the “Accounting” tab, we check the accounts in which our own fixed assets will now be accounted for.

Filling out the “Tax Accounting” tab is based on the chosen order of including the redemption value in expenses. When calculating depreciation, we determine the remaining useful life; when selecting “Inclusion in expenses upon acceptance for accounting,” the method of reflecting expenses.

The document also contains the “Depreciation bonus” tab, so if the inclusion order is selected “Depreciation calculation”, then the organization can, if necessary, use the right to apply a depreciation bonus.

As a result, all mutual settlements regarding the leased asset are closed. After the transfer of ownership, the value of the now own fixed asset is written off as expenses through depreciation.

If you need more information about working in 1C: Enterprise Accounting 8, then you can get our book for free using the link.

Author of the article: Kristina Savvina

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Comments

0 #30 Irina 01/19/2021 21:04 The only normal article on leasing. But this is 8.3 - it is relatively automated there now. But in 8.2, think as you want.

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+1 #29 aigul1509 12/28/2017 22:40 Good afternoon! Could you please tell me if there is an article on early redemption of the leased asset?

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0 #28 Olesya T 05.26.2017 17:28 Good afternoon! Please explain, what is the difference between the procedure for accounting for leasing on the balance sheet of the lessee for a small enterprise that does not apply PBU 18/02? Thank you very much in advance for your answer!

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+11 #27 Elena Zimenkova 04/18/2017 22:07 Good afternoon! Help me to understand! The balance on account 01.k after closing the month and recognizing expenses on leasing payments became negative. Initially, according to DT account 01K (the difference between the cost in accounting and accounting records) was 92,000, monthly depreciation was 44,209, leasing services were monthly in the amount of 139,140.29, respectively, according to CT 01K, the amount of 94,931.29 was reflected monthly. Accordingly, the balance on the account. 01K became negative. What's wrong and where is the error?

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0 #26 Tatyana 03.26.2017 13:31 I quote Natalya Ukhova:

I quote Tatyana: Hello, Olga! Please help me deal with the early redemption of leased property. No one gives an answer to such a difficult topic. I make a document “Repurchase of the leased asset”, it turns out to be some kind of nonsense. According to CT account 02 Depreciation of leased property in NU, the amount with a minus remained hanging. On account 02, depreciation of fixed assets according to NU is the same amount with a plus. Why was depreciation according to NU not written off? Maybe this document is not suitable for early redemption?

Hello!
Does closing the month not adjust the amounts in accounts 01 and 02? Also, tell me, do you keep records according to PBU 18/02? Natalya, we do not comply with PBU 18/02. When closing the month, transactions are not adjusted. In the document “Repurchase of the leased asset” itself, the entries are as follows: according to NU Dt 20.01 Kt 02.03 with a plus, and then reversal. But then I don’t understand what the program is doing. The accumulated depreciation during leasing for us is 500 thousand according to the accounting book, 264 thousand according to the NU. The document makes the following entries: Dt 02.03 Kt 02.01 500 thousand according to the BU AND NU. I don’t understand why the amount is NU?? The following posting is only according to NU: Dt 02.03 Kt 01.01 275 thousand (we have accumulated depreciation 264 thousand) Result: in the Turnover according to Dt 01.01. (NU) the amount is 11 thousand less than the redemption amount, and Kt 02.01 (NU) 500 thousand (it shouldn’t be there at all), Kt 02.03 500 thousand with a minus. Why such wiring? Thanks in advance for your answer! Quote 0 #25 Ukhova Natalya 03.25.2017 22:26 I quote Tatyana:

Hello, Olga! Please help me figure out the early redemption of leased property. No one gives an answer to such a difficult topic. I make a document “Repurchase of the leased asset”, it turns out to be some kind of nonsense. According to CT account 02 Depreciation of leased property in NU, the amount with a minus remained hanging. On account 02, depreciation of fixed assets according to NU is the same amount with a plus. Why was depreciation according to NU not written off? Maybe this document is not suitable for early redemption?

Hello!
Does closing the month not adjust the amounts in accounts 01 and 02? Also, tell me, do you keep records according to PBU 18/02? Quote 0 #24 Ukhova Natalya 03.25.2017 22:22 Quoting Irina VV:

Hello, please tell me how in the program 1C:Enterprise 8.3 (8.3.9.1850) Enterprise Accounting (basic), edition 2.0 to reflect the transfer of ownership of the operating system after the end of the leasing agreement, if depreciation is not completely written off according to the accounting book and the operating system is purchased at the redemption price by a separate purchase agreement sales.

Good afternoon
There is an article on your question on ITS: its.1c.ru/…/…, if you do not have a subscription, you can sign up for a free demo version for 7 days. Quote +1 #23 Tatyana 03/24/2017 23:21 Hello, Olga! Please help me deal with the early redemption of leased property. No one gives an answer to such a difficult topic. I make a document “Repurchase of the leased asset”, it turns out to be some kind of nonsense. According to CT account 02 Depreciation of leased property in NU, the amount with a minus remained hanging. On account 02, depreciation of fixed assets according to NU is the same amount with a plus. Why was depreciation according to NU not written off? Maybe this document is not suitable for early redemption?

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0 #22 Irina VV 03.23.2017 18:00 Hello, please tell me how in the program 1C: Enterprise 8.3 (8.3.9.1850) Enterprise Accounting (basic), edition 2.0 to reflect the transfer of ownership of the operating system after the end of the leasing agreement, if according to the accounting book it is not completely written off depreciation and fixed assets are purchased at the redemption price through a separate purchase and sale agreement.

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0 #21 TatyanaAn 01/31/2017 15:40 Hello. My 1K account for differences in NU leasing became negative after a few months, this is not correct. The fact is that leasing payments are not uniform throughout the term, at first they are very large, but by the end of the leasing agreement they decrease, but depreciation remains the same. But 1K can’t be negative, can it?

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0 #20 Ukhova Natalya 01/21/2017 18:01 I quote Lyudmila V:

HELLO! I have an LLC on the simplified tax system, dr. Please tell me about the postings in 1s accounting 8.3 basic. Under the leasing agreement, the total amount, including VAT, is 855 thousand. Incl. 1. leasing payments 840 thousand; 2. leasing payments due after transfer of 449 thousand; 3. Commission for processing a leasing transaction is 15 thousand. According to the right of redemption, the cost is 1 thousand rubles. The commission for the transfer of ownership upon redemption is 10 thousand rubles, it will not be charged if there are no delays in payments - there is none. The fee for making changes to the contract is 3 thousand rubles - there are no changes. Leasing term 12 months. Accounting with the lessee. We were given a discount on payment of an advance payment of 78 thousand. The total amount of the leasing agreement, taking into account the discount, became 777 thousand. Advance payment including discount 312 thousand. The difference between the amount of the advance and the amount of the advance payment will be reimbursed by receiving a subsidy from the budget. We will also reimburse the costs of comprehensive insurance of 29 thousand and 9 compulsory motor insurance to the lessor. Regression graph. Monthly invoices arrive - what is provided for temporary possession of the leased item - what to do with them? Another invoice has arrived - a subsidy to compensate for the lessor's losses upon presentation of a discount on the tax payment of 78 thousand? We initially paid 1.advance payment 312 thousand; 2. commission for registration of the contract is 15 thousand; 3. Compensation for comprehensive insurance 29 thousand 4. compensation for compulsory motor insurance 9 thousand. HONESTLY I'M SHOCKED how to plant everything - I'm a newbie. THANK YOU

Good afternoon, it is very difficult to answer such broad questions, we usually consider them in a personal consultation =) To reflect leasing transactions on the lessee’s balance sheet, you can use our article presented above, or the article on the ITS resource: its.1c.ru/…/ … If you don’t have a subscription, you can get free demo access for 7 days.
Quote 0 #19 Lyudmila V 01/17/2017 14:30 HELLO! I have an LLC on the simplified tax system, dr. Please tell me about the postings in 1s accounting 8.3 basic. Under the leasing agreement, the total amount, including VAT, is 855 thousand. Incl. 1. leasing payments 840 thousand; 2. leasing payments due after transfer of 449 thousand; 3. Commission for processing a leasing transaction is 15 thousand. According to the right of redemption, the cost is 1 thousand rubles. The commission for the transfer of ownership upon redemption is 10 thousand rubles, it will not be charged if there are no delays in payments - there is none. The fee for making changes to the contract is 3 thousand rubles - there are no changes. Leasing term 12 months. Accounting with the lessee. We were given a discount on payment of an advance payment of 78 thousand. The total amount of the leasing agreement, taking into account the discount, became 777 thousand. Advance payment including discount 312 thousand. The difference between the amount of the advance and the amount of the advance payment will be reimbursed by receiving a subsidy from the budget. We will also reimburse the costs of comprehensive insurance of 29 thousand and 9 compulsory motor insurance to the lessor. Regression graph. Monthly invoices arrive - what is provided for temporary possession of the leased item - what to do with them? Another invoice has arrived - a subsidy for compensation of the lessor's losses upon presentation of a discount on the tax payment of 78 thousand? We initially paid 1.advance payment 312 thousand; 2. commission for registration of the contract 15 thousand; 3. Compensation for comprehensive insurance 29 thousand 4. compensation for compulsory motor insurance 9 thousand. HONESTLY I'M SHOCKED how to plant everything - I'm a newbie. THANK YOU

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-1 #18 Ukhova Natalya 01/10/2017 17:45 I quote Natalya R:

Good evening, sorry, I asked the question incorrectly again, I wrote it in tabular form, it was drawn in by a line. The leasing payments have not ended. Non-depreciable difference on leased property is 468,830.47. Lease payments are not over yet. After the next payment, the balance on DT in NU became “-“, and the balance on DT in BP “+”, before the last payment it was the other way around. Maybe it was not the shock absorber that closed. difference. But what will happen to 01K now? Please help me figure it out!

Also, could you tell me that in the accounting policy settings there is a checkbox “PBU 18 is applied”?
Account 01.K reflects the part of the cost of fixed assets leased that is not depreciable in NU. In theory, you need to check whether the document “Admission: Acceptance of leasing payments at NU” is entered correctly? Quote +1 #17 Natalya R 01/09/2017 22:00 Good evening, sorry, I asked the question incorrectly again, I wrote it in tabular form, it got sucked in as a line. The leasing payments have not ended. Non-amortisable difference on leased property is 468,830.47. Lease payments are not over yet. After the next payment, the balance on DT in NU became “-“, and the balance on DT in BP “+”, before the last payment it was the other way around. Maybe it was not the shock absorber that closed. difference. But what will happen to 01K now? Please help me figure it out!

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+1 #16 Natalya R 01/09/2017 18:42 Good afternoon, here is the data on account 01K NU Dt468 830.47 Kt486 351.23 -17 520.76 VR DT-468 830.47 KT-486 351.23 17 520, 76 Leasing payments have not yet ended, until December NU was “+” BP “-“, but in December it was the other way around, according to math. Everything is clear to the calculations, but it is not clear what should happen to 01K. Please help me figure it out.

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0 #15 Ukhova Natalya 01/09/2017 09:38 I quote Natalya R:

Hello, please tell me if it is possible for account 01.K, “Adjustment of the value of leased property” to have a negative balance on DT. Thank you

Good morning!
Tell me, at what point in accounting does a negative balance arise and according to what type of accounting (accounting, accounting)? Quote +3 #14 Natalya R 01/06/2017 11:23 pm Hello, please tell me whether it is possible to have a negative balance under account 01.K, “Adjustment of the value of leased property”. Thank you

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0 #13 Ukhova Natalya 12/15/2016 11:11 I quote Evgeniy:

I quote Natalya Ukhova: I quote Evgeniy: Good afternoon! Tell me the procedure in 1C 8.3, if during the validity of the leasing agreement the total amount of the agreement was increased by an additional agreement (due to an increase in interest)? Thank you in advance!

Good afternoon
Those. did the amount in the account increase on 01.03? Has the amount of the lessor's expenses for purchasing the leased asset changed? Yes, that’s exactly it. It turns out that the amount of fixed assets in leasing changes only according to accounting? Then you can proceed as follows: 1) Tab of fixed assets and intangible assets - Parameters of depreciation of fixed assets - Change parameters of depreciation of fixed assets. In the document, leave the “Reflect in accounting” checkbox, fill out the tabular section by selecting the desired OS, then the Fill button for the list of OS, then change the Cost column to calculate depreciation. (BU), where to put the current balance for 01.03 + the amount for additional. agreement. This document will make movements in the depreciation registers and from the next month, at the end of the month, depreciation will be accrued from the new amount. 2) enter the document receipt of goods and services (amount according to additional agreement) to the account 08.04. 3) enter the document “Operation entered manually”, where to make the posting 01.03 - 08.04 for the required operating system in the lease. Quote 0 #12 Evgeniya I 12/13/2016 12:26 Quoting Ukhova Natalya:

I quote Evgeniy: Good afternoon! Tell me the procedure in 1C 8.3, if during the validity of the leasing agreement the total amount of the agreement was increased by an additional agreement (due to an increase in interest)? Thank you in advance!

Good afternoon
Those. did the amount in the account increase on 01.03? Has the amount of the lessor's expenses for purchasing the leased asset changed? Yes, exactly like that Quote 0 #11 Ukhova Natalya 12/13/2016 09:06 I quote Evgeniy:

Good afternoon Tell me the procedure in 1C 8.3, if during the validity of the leasing agreement the total amount of the agreement was increased by an additional agreement (due to an increase in interest)? Thank you in advance!

Good afternoon
Those. did the amount in the account increase on 01.03? Has the amount of the lessor's expenses for purchasing the leased asset changed? Quote 0 #10 Evgeniya I 12/09/2016 17:24 Good afternoon! Tell me the procedure in 1C 8.3, if during the validity of the leasing agreement the total amount of the agreement was increased by an additional agreement (due to an increase in interest)? Thank you in advance!

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+2 Vera Kondruseva 08/29/2016 21:52 Good afternoon! If I understand correctly, then the amount of all lease payments + the redemption price of the car goes to account 01.03. What about the cost of the car indicated in the acceptance certificate and the contract? There is a completely different amount, i.e. the net value of the car without the “interest” of the leasing company. Shouldn’t depreciation be calculated on this “net” cost? Thank you very much in advance!

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0 Olga Shulova 08/04/2016 08:59 I quote Ivan Tarasov:

But when selecting a leasing agreement, we do not display either the counterparty or the agreement, although the release is quite new.

Hello!
Can you tell me the exact release number? Are these fields completely absent or is there no way to select something in them? Quote 0 Tarasov Ivan 08/03/2016 13:43 But when choosing a leasing agreement, we do not display either the counterparty or the agreement, although the release is quite new.

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+1 Natalya Latysheva 05/31/2016 14:27 Hello! Leasing selection services are accounted for in cost accounts (25, 26, 44, 91.02) depending on the purpose of the leased property: production, administrative purposes, etc.

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0 TAMARA777 05/27/2016 21:02 Good afternoon! info service for searching and selecting leasing according to contract. leasing (invoice from the lessor) on which account should it be recorded? thank you very much in advance

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0 Ukhova Natalya 05/18/2016 19:55 I quote Olga1011:

Good afternoon Tell me please. and in what account should the advance payment under the leasing agreement be recorded?

Good afternoon
The document “Receipt (act/invoice)” (type of transaction: leasing services) makes CT the balance on account 76.07.2, if the agreement is in rubles. Payment and prepayment for these services are shown on DT invoice 76.07.2. For payments in foreign currency we use account 76.27.2 Quote 0 Olga1011 05/17/2016 18:35 Good afternoon! Tell me please. and in what account should the advance payment under the leasing agreement be recorded?

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0 Olga Shulova 02/19/2016 22:03 I quote ???:

Good afternoon, Olga, I have recently discovered the enormous benefits of your lessons, I have a question specifically about leasing: using your example of accepting fixed assets for accounting on the NU tab, where does the amount of the initial cost (750,000) come from? If the receipt is 1,500,000? Thank you in advance for your response

Hello!
Thank you for your nice words. In this case, the amount in NU is some abstract value that is different from the amount in BU. As a rule, when purchasing fixed assets on lease, the amounts for accounting and tax accounting are always different, and for tax purposes they are smaller, because in NU, the cost of fixed assets takes into account the amount of expenses of the lessor (and NOT the lessee) for the acquisition of the leased asset Quote +1 ??? 02/17/2016 14:33 Good afternoon, Olga, I have recently discovered the great benefits of your lessons, I have a question specifically about leasing: using your example of accepting fixed assets for accounting on the NU tab, where does the amount of the initial cost (750,000) come from? If the receipt is 1,500,000? Thank you in advance for your response

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Reflection of the leased asset as part of the operating system

Acceptance of the leased asset for accounting on the balance sheet of the lessee is carried out in 1C 8.3 with the document Acceptance for accounting of fixed assets, type of operation Equipment from the section Fixed assets and intangible assets - Receipt of fixed assets - Acceptance for accounting of fixed assets.

Tab Fixed assets .

Accounting tab :

• Account — 01.03;
• Depreciation (depreciation) account — 02.03.

In accounting, the useful life of an item of fixed assets is determined by the organization independently when accepting the item for accounting (clause 20 of PBU 6/01).

Tax accounting tab .

The rules for forming the initial cost of leased property in BU and NU are different!

In the NU, despite the fact that ownership of the leased property does not pass until its redemption, it is recognized as depreciable property, and its value is determined as the sum of all the Lessor’s expenses for its acquisition (clause 1 of Article 257 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation). The value of leased property for tax accounting is taken from the Lessor’s certificate of its book value.

The useful life of depreciable property in tax accounting is determined by the party on whose balance sheet it is taken into account (clause 10 of Article 258 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation) in accordance with the depreciation group, based on the classification of fixed assets approved by the Government of the Russian Federation (clause 2 of Article 259.1 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation ). Currently, to determine the depreciation group, it is necessary to use OKOF OK 013-2014 (SNS 2008), adopted and put into effect by Order of Rosstandart dated December 12, 2014 N 2018-st.

Postings

The document generates transactions:

• Dt 01.03 Kt 08.04.1 - the initial cost in the accounting system was formed (1,553,400);
• Dt 01.03 Kt 08.04.1 - the initial cost was formed in NU (1,020,000);
• Dt 01.K Kt 08.04.1 - the difference in the cost of fixed assets between accounting and tax accounting in NU is taken into account.

The purpose of account 01.K is to account for the non-depreciable part of the cost of fixed assets in the tax accounting system, i.e., the difference between the cost of leased property in tax and accounting.

Tax accounting of leasing when reflecting property on the lessee’s balance sheet

In the tax accounting of the lessee, leased property is recognized as depreciable property.

The initial cost of the leased asset is determined as the amount of the lessor's expenses for its acquisition.

For profit tax purposes, the monthly depreciation amount is determined based on the product of the original cost of the leased asset and the depreciation rate, which is determined based on the useful life of the leased property (taking into account the classification of fixed assets included in depreciation groups). In this case, the lessee has the right to apply a coefficient of up to 3 to the depreciation rate. The specific size of the increasing coefficient is determined by the lessee in the range from 1 to 3. This coefficient does not apply to leased property belonging to the first to third depreciation groups.

Leasing payments minus the amount of depreciation on leased property are expenses associated with production and sales.

Calculation of monthly lease payment

1-12 leasing payment (from 02/01/2016 to 01/31/2017) is 68,440 rubles. (incl. VAT 18%), including:

• offset of the advance payment - 29,500 rubles.
• payable - RUB 38,940.

The amount of the leasing payment is 68,440 rubles. The lessor issues a monthly invoice.

Accrue the monthly lease payment using the document Receipt (act, invoice) transaction type Leasing services from the section Purchases – Purchases – Receipt (acts, invoices) – button Receipt – Leasing services.

Postings

Registration of SF supplier

To register an incoming invoice, indicate its number and date at the bottom of the Receipt document form (act, invoice) , click the Register .

The Invoice document received is automatically filled in with the data from the Receipt document (act, invoice) .

• Operation type code : “Receipt of goods, works, services.”

VAT restoration when crediting an advance payment to a supplier

The amount of VAT offset on the advance payment is subject to restoration (clause 3, clause 3, article 170 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation).

VAT recovery when crediting an advance payment to a supplier is carried out using the document Generating sales ledger entries at the end of the month or quarter. The document is available from the section Operations – Period closure – Regular VAT operations.

In our example, it is subject to restoration from the offset advance - 29,500 rubles.

• VAT at the rate of 18/118% - 4,500 rubles.

See also: Under a leasing agreement, a change in the contract amount was sent due to an increase in VAT, how can I make the changes correctly?

Postings

Recognition of expenses in accounting and accounting records

Recognition of expenses in accounting and accounting at the end of the month is carried out by routine operations in the Month Closing assistant, section Operations – Period Closing – Month Closing.

Depreciation calculation

Depreciation deductions are made by the party to the leasing agreement on whose balance sheet the leased asset is located (clause 2 of Article 31 of Law No. 164-FZ of October 29, 1998).

Depreciation is accrued in the generally established manner (clause 17 of PBU 6/01), with the straight-line method - based on the useful life of the asset.

For tax accounting purposes, the lessee charges depreciation in the general manner.

In NU, the amount of monthly depreciation is included in expenses that reduce the tax base (clause 3 of Article 272 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation).

Postings

Property tax

The party to the leasing agreement that has the property on its balance sheet will be charged and paid corporate property tax.

So, if the property is accounted for on the lessor’s balance sheet, then he reflects it in account 03 “Income-generating investments in tangible assets.” The lessee records the leased asset on the balance sheet in account 001 “Leased fixed assets”. In this case, property tax on leased items is paid by the lessor.

If the leased property is taken into account on the balance sheet of the lessee, then it is reflected in account 01 “Fixed Assets”. The lessor records the transferred property on the balance sheet in account 011 “Fixed assets leased out.” Therefore, the lessee pays the property tax.

At the end of the lease agreement, the tax must be paid by the person who becomes the owner of the leased asset. For example, if the purchase of property is provided, then the lessee will pay property tax.

Recognition of leasing payments in NU

The expenses that reduce the tax base when leasing property include:

• depreciation;
• the difference between leasing payments and depreciation, which is included in other expenses (clause 10, clause 1, article 264 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation) on the last day of the month (clause 3, clause 7, article 272 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation).

Recognition of expenses on leasing payments is carried out by the regulatory operation Recognition of leasing payments in the NU .

Postings

The document generates the posting:

• Dt Kt 01.K - write-off of leasing payments to NU expenses at the expense of the non-depreciable part of the cost of the leased property.

In subsequent years, leasing payments are accrued and recognized as expenses according to the same scheme as for the first year, with the exception of the offset of advance payments.

Accounting with the lessee

Property on the lessor's balance sheet

This is perhaps the simplest and most common option. With it, the lessee, as in a regular lease, reflects the property on off-balance sheet account 001 “Leased fixed assets.”

The leased asset is reflected at the cost specified in the agreement. In this case, the accountant will reflect transactions for receiving property as follows:

DEBIT 001

– property was received on lease;

CREDIT 001

– the leased property is returned at the end of the lease agreement.

Analytical accounting for account 001 is carried out separately both for lessors and for each leasing object.

In this option, depreciation will be charged by the lessor, since the property is reflected on its balance sheet.
In addition, the leased object will also not be reflected in the recipient’s tax accounting. This again relates to the balance holder of the property. Example 1
Orbita LLC leased commercial equipment in March 2010.
In the leasing agreement, the cost of the leased asset is estimated at 1,700,000 rubles. The property is recorded on the lessor's balance sheet. The leasing agreement ended in March 2012. In the accounting records of Orbita LLC it is necessary to reflect: In March 2010: DEBIT 001
– 1,700,000 rubles.
– production equipment was leased. In March 2012: LOAN 001
– RUB 1,700,000. – commercial equipment is returned at the end of the lease agreement.

Property on the balance sheet of the lessee

With this option, the lessee accepts the property as a fixed asset. The initial cost is formed on account 08 “Investments in non-current assets”, on the sub-account “Property received on lease” in correspondence with account 76 “Settlements with various debtors and creditors” on the sub-account “Lease obligations”.

It is important

The transfer of leased property to the balance of the lessee is not subject to VAT. Since the lessor remains the owner, regardless of whose balance sheet the property is listed on, no sale operation occurs. This means that the value of the property in the lessee’s accounting is reflected without VAT.

The initial cost consists of the cost according to the leasing agreement plus the costs of bringing the property to a condition suitable for use.

The following entries must be reflected in the lessee's accounting:

DEBIT 08, subaccount “Property received on lease” CREDIT 76, subaccount “Rental obligations”

– reflects the cost of the leased property under the contract;

DEBIT 08 CREDIT 60 (76, 70, 69 and others)

– reflects the costs associated with obtaining leased property.
After accounting for the initial cost, the property is included in fixed assets. To do this, you should open a subaccount “Property received on lease” to account 01 “Fixed Assets”. Example 2
Let's use the conditions of example 1 and change them a little.
The property is recorded on the lessee's balance sheet. In addition, transportation of commercial equipment is carried out by Orbita LLC at its own expense. Transport costs amounted to 59,000 rubles, including VAT – 9,000 rubles. Transportation costs were paid in March 2010. The accountant needs to make the following entries (see table 1): Table 1

Since depreciation on the leased property is calculated by the balance sheet holder, then with this option the lessee will be able to depreciate it in accounting.

Depreciation can be calculated from the month following the month in which the object was accepted for accounting in account 01 “Fixed Assets”. For accounting purposes, the useful life can be taken as the duration of the leasing agreement.

This is interesting

If the validity period of the leasing agreement coincides with the useful life of the object in accounting, this will lead to a discrepancy with tax accounting. Therefore, it is more expedient to use in accounting the useful life that is established for tax accounting.

The lessee must reflect the accrued depreciation in accounting in the general manner, using production cost accounts, depending on the purposes of using the leased property in correspondence with account 02 “Depreciation of fixed assets”, under the subaccount “Depreciation of leased property”. In this case, the wiring is done:

DEBIT 20 (23, 25, 26, 44, 91) CREDIT 02-9

– depreciation has been calculated on the leased property.

It is worth noting that the amount of accrued depreciation is directly related to the accrual of lease payments. For accounting purposes, the lease payment is an expense, and it is recommended to reflect it by posting:

DEBIT 76, subaccount “Lease obligations” CREDIT 76, subaccount “Arrears on leasing payments”

– lease payment accrued for the reporting period.

However, in this case there will be no reflection of the expense for accounting purposes. In this regard, it is better to reflect the lease payment as an expense in the general manner, depending on the purpose of using the property:

DEBIT 20 (23, 25, 26, 44, 91) CREDIT 76 (6 0)

– lease payment accrued for the reporting period.

Moreover, if the lessee includes both the lease payment and depreciation in expenses, this will lead to double counting of expenses. So depreciation must be reflected by posting:

DEBIT 76, subaccount “Rental obligations” CREDIT 02, subaccount “Depreciation of leased property”

– depreciation was accrued for the reporting period.
Example 3
Let's use the conditions of example 2. Let's expand them.
Let the useful life of commercial equipment be five years. Since the equipment was registered as a fixed asset in March 2010, depreciation must be calculated from April. The annual depreciation rate will be: 1: 5 years X 100% = 20%. The annual depreciation amount will be: RUB 1,750,000. X 20% = 350,000 rub. Therefore, the amount of depreciation for April will be 29,167 rubles. (RUB 350,000: 12 months). The following entries must be made in accounting (see Table 2): Table 2

Change of agreement to 2% VAT in 2019

In connection with the increase in the VAT rate to 20% from 2021, the Lessor and the Lessee signed an additional agreement to the agreement for an increase of 2%:

• the balance of lease obligations in terms of VAT - in the amount of RUB 4,164.50.

Continue accounting for leasing transactions in 1C 8.3 for the lessee after 01/01/2019 after creating the manual Transaction , where you reflect the amount of the increase in the cost of the contract under the additional agreement. Create a document from the section Operations – Accounting – Operations entered manually – Create button – Operation.

See also: Under a leasing agreement, can we transfer the invoice deduction to 2021?

Leasing agreement

Under a financial lease agreement, the lessor is obliged to purchase the property specified by the lessee and provide this property for use by the lessee. In this case, the latter independently determines from which specific seller this property should be purchased.

This is interesting

The total amount of the leasing agreement may include the redemption price of the leased asset. This is possible if the contract provides for the transfer of ownership of the property to the lessee.

In other words, the main difference between leasing and rental agreements is that the lessor purposefully buys property known in advance to lease it from a seller agreed upon by the parties. When renting, your own property is transferred, which is not specifically purchased for a specific tenant.

The subject of leasing agreements can be any non-consumable things, for example, buildings, structures, vehicles, equipment and other movable or immovable property. The exception is land plots and other natural objects, as well as property, the free circulation of which is prohibited by law.

It is worth noting that the ownership of the leased asset remains with the lessor throughout the duration of the contract. The lessee has the right only to temporary possession or use.

But at the same time, leased property can be taken into account on the balance sheet of either party. Consequently, depreciation will be calculated by the person who is the balance sheet holder. This condition is agreed upon by the parties when signing the contract.

The participants set the validity period of financial lease agreements independently and record it in the document. It is impossible to conclude such an agreement, unlike a lease, for an indefinite period, since leasing payments are tied to the duration of the agreement. It can only be extended, and the previous conditions may be changed or retained. The leasing agreement also stipulates the terms on the amount, method and frequency of payment of leasing payments.

Leasing payments mean the total amount of payments under the leasing agreement for the entire period of its validity, which includes:

• reimbursement of the lessor's costs for the purchase and transfer of the leased asset to the lessee;
• reimbursement of costs for services provided for in the leasing agreement;
• lessor's income.

Payments under leasing agreements can be established:

• in a fixed amount of payments made periodically or at a time;
• in the share of products, fruits or income received as a result of the use of leased property;
• in the provision by the lessee of certain services;
• in the transfer by the lessee to the lessor of a thing stipulated by the contract for ownership or temporary possession (use);
• in imposing on the lessee the costs of improving the leased asset.

Also, the parties may provide in the leasing agreement a combination of these forms or other forms of leasing payment. In addition, the parties can agree to change the amount of leasing payments. But you can change it no more than once every three months.

Redemption of leased property

At the end of the contract, carry out the redemption of the property using the document Redemption of leased items , from the section Fixed assets and intangible assets – Accounting for fixed assets – Redemption of leased items – Create button.

Indicate in the header:

• Event - Transfer of ownership .

On the Leasing Items click the Fill button to reflect the fixed assets leased under the specified agreement.

On the Accounting , specify:

• Lease obligations : Accounting account - 76.07.1 “Rease obligations”.

On the Tax Accounting , specify:

• The procedure for including the redemption value in expenses - you can choose from 3 options: Depreciation - if the redemption value of the fixed asset is at least 100 thousand rubles: in our example, we choose this order;
• Inclusion in expenses when accepted for accounting - if the redemption value of the fixed asset is less than 100 thousand rubles;
• The cost is not included in expenses - if the cost of the OS cannot be taken into account NU.

Postings

The document generates transactions:

• Dt 60.01 Kt 60.02 - offset of the advance payment to the supplier at the purchase price;
• Dt 76.07.1 Kt 60.01 - redemption of fixed assets;
• Dt 19.01 Kt 60.01 - acceptance of VAT for accounting;
• Dt 76.07.1 Kt 76.07.9 - write-off of lease liability in terms of VAT;
• Dt Kt 02.03 - accrual of depreciation for fixed assets in leasing for the last time;
• Dt Kt 02.03 - adjustment in NU of excessively accrued depreciation;
• Dt 01.01 Kt 01.03 - transfer of fixed assets to the composition of our own;
• Dt 02.03 Kt 02.01 - transfer of depreciation accrued during the period of the leasing agreement;
• Dt 02.03 Kt 01.01 - adjustment of the cost of fixed assets in NU due to depreciation;
• Dt 01.01 Kt 01.K - adjustment of the cost of fixed assets in NU due to the non-depreciable part.

Postings of the lessee, if the property is on the balance sheet of the lessor

Let's consider the same example, but now the leased item is on the lessor's balance sheet.

If the advance invoice issued for prepayment under a leasing agreement does not include VAT for deduction, then the entries in bold italics do not need to be made.

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In this case, depreciation is not accrued.

Next is the repurchase of the leased asset (in our case, the initial cost is such that the leased asset can be taken into account as inventory).

Registration of SF supplier

To register an incoming invoice, indicate its number and date at the bottom of the form of the document Redemption of leased items, click the Register .

The Invoice document received is automatically filled in with the data from the document Redemption of leased items .

• Operation type code : “Receipt of goods, works, services.”