What is bonus depreciation of fixed assets
As a general rule, money spent on the purchase or creation of a fixed asset (FPE) is not written off as current expenses, but is included in the initial cost of the object.
But paragraph 9 of Article 258 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation allows organizations to write off part of the amount as expenses (this is a depreciation bonus), and include the remaining funds in the initial cost. As a result, the income tax of the current period is reduced. Keep records of depreciable property for free according to the new rules
The same applies to the costs of completion, additional equipment, reconstruction, modernization, technical re-equipment, and partial liquidation of operating systems.
IMPORTANT. Bonus depreciation is only possible in tax accounting (TA). It is not provided for in accounting. Therefore, in accounting, the costs of acquiring (construction, modernization, etc.) an object are fully used to form the value of the asset.
You cannot apply depreciation premium if the property:
- received free of charge (clause 9 of article 258 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation);
- identified during inventory (letter of the Ministry of Finance dated December 29, 2009 No. 03-03-06/1/829);
- received from the founders as a contribution to the authorized capital (letter of the Ministry of Finance dated June 19, 2009 No. 03-03-06/2/122);
- refers to objects for which an investment deduction was applied (clause 7 of Article 286.1 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation);
- is the subject of leasing and is recorded on the balance sheet of the lessee (letter of the Ministry of Finance dated March 10, 2009 No. 03-03-05/34);
- does not apply to depreciable objects.
REFERENCE . Can a lessee apply bonus depreciation to permanent leasehold improvements? The Ministry of Finance traditionally states that it cannot (see, for example, letter dated 10/12/11 No. 03-03-06/1/663). Judges, on the contrary, reserve this right for tenants (decision of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation 09.09.14 No. 305-KG14-1382).
Check the financial condition of your organization and its counterparties
Controversial issues regarding the use of bonus depreciation
Inseparable improvements in leased property
One of the controversial issues today is the question of the possibility of applying a depreciation bonus by tenants in relation to inseparable improvements in leased property made with the consent of the lessor and not reimbursed by the latter.
In accordance with paragraph 1 of Art. 258 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation , capital investments made by the lessee with the consent of the lessor, the cost of which is not reimbursed by the lessor, are depreciated by the lessee during the term of the lease agreement based on depreciation amounts calculated taking into account the useful life determined for leased fixed assets or for capital investments in the specified objects in accordance with the OS Classification . According to paragraph 3 of Art. 259.1 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, the calculation of depreciation for depreciable property in the form of capital investments in leased fixed assets, which is subject to depreciation, begins for the lessor from the 1st day of the month following the month in which this property was put into operation.
