Accounting for unclaimed dividends in 2021

Payment of dividends is made from net profit, based on the decision of the founders. The calculation of net profit is made only after the end of the financial year, however, the organization can make a decision regarding the payment of dividends once a quarter, once every six months or once a year. The financial results report contains information on the amount of net profit for the reporting year in line 2400. As for all retained earnings (in relation to the reporting and previous period), it is indicated in line 1370 of the balance sheet.

If we consider dividends declared for the reporting year (in the absence of accounting entries), then information about them is included in the Explanations to the financial statements and balance sheet. In this case, dividends paid during the reporting period are separately entered into section III of the balance sheet, a line to be determined independently (Letter of the Ministry of Finance of Russia No. 07-05-06/302 dated December 19, 2006). Dividends for the reporting year are indicated in parentheses in line 3327 of the Statement of Changes in Capital.

Payment of distributed funds can be made in the form of:

• Money;
• property (including real estate);
• interest on preferred shares, etc.

The charter of the enterprise must describe how dividends are distributed: in accordance with the share of the participant (shareholder), or the distribution will be carried out in another way.

Taxation of dividends

Dividends received from participation in Russian organizations are subject to a number of taxes.

For residents of the Russian Federation:

• Personal income tax (personal income tax) applies to shareholders (participants) who are residents of the Russian Federation. They are subject to personal income tax at a rate of nine percent.
• Income tax. Russian participating enterprises (shareholders) of Russian and foreign firms must be subject to income tax at a rate of nine percent and zero percent, respectively.

For foreign participants:

• Personal income tax. Phys. persons who are not considered tax residents of the Russian Federation are taxed at a rate of fifteen percent.

How to pay interim dividends: step-by-step instructions

The procedure for paying interim dividends consists of several stages, each of which has its own characteristics.

Below we will look step by step at how to pay interim dividends.

Step #1 – Record the frequency of dividend payments in your accounting policies

At the first stage, the organization needs to approve the procedure for paying interim dividends in its accounting policy. In particular, the following must be written in the local document:

• reporting period for calculating interim dividends (quarter, 6, 9 months);
• deadline for dividend payment (in accordance with laws No. 208-FZ “On Joint-Stock Companies” and No. 14-FZ “On Limited Liability Companies”);
• basis for distribution of profits for payment of dividends (minutes of the board).

Let us recall that when setting the deadline for paying dividends to an organization, it should be taken into account that such a period must comply with the provisions of laws No. 14-FZ and 208-FZ:

Step #2 – Formalize the board’s decision

At the end of the reporting period, the board of the organization holds a meeting at which it makes a decision on the distribution of profits.

The text of the minutes of the board reflects the following information:

• the amount of net profit at the end of the reporting period minus mandatory payments (taxes, fees, etc.);
• the amount of profit used to pay dividends;
• form of dividend payment (cash, in kind);
• payment term (in accordance with accounting policies);
• calculation of the amount of dividends for each participant (more on this below).

Note that the distribution of profits through the payment of dividends is possible provided that:

• each of the LLC participants (JSC shareholders) has fully paid their contribution to the authorized capital (there is no debt);
• the company does not have signs of bankruptcy regulated by Art. 3 of Law No. 127-FZ of October 26, 2002;
• payment of dividends will not cause the organization to show signs of bankruptcy;
• The company's authorized capital does not exceed the amount of net assets (the sum of assets (line 300) and deferred income (term 640) minus liabilities (term 590 + 690).

Consultations: Corporate income tax

The transfer of personal income tax must be made on the day of payment of dividends to shareholders (participants) or within the next day after withdrawal of funds from the current account for payment of dividends. The transfer of income tax is made no later than the next day after the dividends were transferred.

Russian enterprises that are tax agents (organizations that are the source of receipt and payment of income) are required to provide income tax reporting.

Income from dividends received and issued, as well as the calculation of income tax, are indicated in the income tax return as follows:

• In the case of payment of dividends to a Russian organization: subsection 1.3 of section 1 of the income tax declaration contains the calculation of tax on certain types of income, while Sheet 03 (calculation of income tax, which is withheld by the tax agent - the source of payment of income) includes certain types of income. Information on tax calculation is given in paragraph 2 of Art. 275 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, and the rules for filling out sheet 03 are indicated within the framework of Order of the Federal Tax Service of Russia dated November 26, 2014 No. MMV-7-3/
• When receiving dividends from a Russian or foreign enterprise: sheet 04 (calculation of corporate income tax on income, which is calculated according to rates that differ from the rate presented in paragraph 1 of Article 284 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation) contains information on dividend income from their participation in other organizations.

If you require more detailed explanations about the application of the zero percent income tax rate, about dividends that are received and issued in kind, or about how dividends and their calculations are reflected in tax and accounting reports, please contact us for a free consultation by calling 8(812) 425- 24-05.

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Tax Code of the Russian Federation), and income tax on dividends - no later than the day following the day of transfer of dividends (clause 4 of Article 287 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation). The amounts of accrued taxes on dividends are not reflected in tax accounting. How to reflect personal income tax on dividends in tax accounting "1C: Accounting 8" Income of individuals from equity participation in the activities of an organization received in the form of dividends and the amount of calculated tax on this income for the purpose of reporting personal income tax are registered in the program for each individual using the document Tax accounting operation for personal income tax, which is available from the journal All documents for personal income tax in the Employees and salary section (Fig. 4). Rice. 4.

Having considered the issue, we came to the following conclusion: Interim dividends are not reflected in the Statement of Financial Results. Rationale for the conclusion: According to clause 18 of PBU 4/99 “accounting statements of an organization” (hereinafter referred to as PBU 4/99), the balance sheet must characterize the financial position of the organization as of the reporting date.

The amount of retained earnings (uncovered loss) of the reporting period is equal to the amount of net profit (net loss) of the reporting period, increased by the amount of additional capital from the revaluation of fixed assets and intangible assets retired in the reporting period (clause 15 of PBU 6/01, clause 21 of PBU 14 /2007), reduced by the amount of accrued interim dividends, that is, paid during the reporting year in accordance with the company’s charter; adjusted by the amount of increase in the authorized capital due to retained earnings (reduction in the authorized capital when it is brought to the value of net assets).

In the Balance Sheet, the form of which was approved by Order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated July 2, 2010 N 66n, retained earnings (loss) is reflected on line 1370. This indicator (in terms of individual sub-accounts) is formed cumulatively from year to year, therefore, as of the reporting date on line 1370 of the balance sheet reflects the amount of retained earnings (loss) of both the reporting year and previous years.

In turn, the Financial Results Report must characterize the financial results of the organization for the reporting period (clause 21 of PBU 4/99). Consequently, line 2400 of the Income Statement reflects retained earnings (losses) identified specifically for the reporting period.

It follows from the above standards that net profit (loss) reflected on line 2400 of the Income Statement may coincide with the indicator of retained earnings (uncovered loss) reflected on line 1370 of the Balance Sheet only if, at the beginning of the reporting period, the organization does not have retained earnings (uncovered losses) from previous years and interim dividends were not distributed during the reporting period, and also if during the reporting period there was no disposal of previously overvalued fixed assets.

Otherwise (as in the case under consideration), interim dividends will reduce the profit of the reporting period and the indicators of lines 1370 of the Balance Sheet and 2400 of the Income Statement will differ by the corresponding amount. Interim dividends paid during the year for which financial statements are prepared are reflected separately in the annual Balance Sheet in the section “Capital and Reserves” (in parentheses) (letter of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated December 19, 2006 N 07-05-06/302). To do this, use a separate line, for example 1371 “Including interim dividends”. At the same time, dividends do not appear directly as a separate value in the financial results statement.

If the organization decided to recognize dividends as other expenses (clauses 2, 4, 15 of PBU 10/99 Organizational Expenses), then the data on line 2400 of the income statement will coincide with the data on line 1370 of the balance sheet at the end of the corresponding period. But even in this case, the amount of interim dividends is not indicated separately in the financial results statement.

We recommend that you familiarize yourself with the materials: - Encyclopedia of Solutions. Accounting for the payment of dividends (income to company participants); — Encyclopedia of solutions. Accounting for the distribution of net profit (document flow section);

Accounting for paid and received dividends in “1c: accounting 8” ed. 3.0

Attention

Consequently, they are not subject to insurance contributions for compulsory pension insurance, compulsory social insurance in case of temporary disability and in connection with maternity, as well as compulsory health insurance. The income in question is also not subject to insurance contributions for compulsory social insurance against industrial accidents and occupational diseases.

How to calculate income tax and personal income tax on dividends Since January 1, 2014, the formula for calculating the income tax that needs to be withheld from a Russian organization has been changed. Now it is contained in paragraph 5 of Article 275 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation (amended by Federal Law No. 306-FZ of November 2, 2013).

The same formula is applied when calculating personal income tax withheld from residents of the Russian Federation (Article 214 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation).

We pay

Next, let's look at what the accounting entries for dividends when issuing them (see table).

Please note: the transactions shown in the table must be carried out according to the date of dividend payment. Also see “Personal income tax on dividends”.

Dividends: taxation issues and reflection in financial statements

284 Tax Code of the Russian Federation. The total amount of dividends subject to distribution does not include the amount of dividends payable to a foreign organization and (or) a non-resident individual of the Russian Federation (clause 6 of article 275 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, clause 3 of clause 3 of article 284 and clause 3 of article 224 dividend amounts due:

• Russian organizations (including those using the simplified tax system, unified agricultural tax and UTII) are subject to income tax at a rate of 9 percent;
• Russian organizations that for at least 365 consecutive calendar days own at least half of the authorized capital of the dividend-paying organization are subject to income tax at a rate of 0 percent;
• foreign organizations are subject to income tax at a rate of 15 percent (taking into account the specifics provided for in Article 275 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation);
• individuals who are tax residents of the Russian Federation are subject to personal income tax at a rate of 9 percent;
• Individuals - non-residents of the Russian Federation are subject to personal income tax at a rate of 15 percent.

Income tax on dividends, including those received from foreign organizations, is paid to the federal budget (clause 2 p.

Reflected in the balance sheet

The basic rule for accounting for dividends is that amounts allocated to participants are shown in the period in which they are accrued.

Amounts accrued from the remaining profits of previous periods are entered on line 1370. That is, you need to proportionally subtract the amount of dividends from it.

If we talk about mid-year dividends, etc., they are shown in the third section - “Capital and reserves”. Separate from each other and in parentheses.

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19.05.2018

Where to show dividends paid on the balance sheet

The source for paying dividends is the company's net profit. It is calculated at the end of the financial year, although the decision to pay income to participants (founders) can be made once a quarter, every six months or a year.

Important

How operations for accrual and payment of dividends are reflected in the company’s accounting and reporting will be discussed in this publication. The basis for accrual of these incomes in the accounting of the organization are the minutes of the meeting of participants with the decision made on payment within the established time frame and an accounting certificate calculating the amounts due to each of the owners.

To combine information on accrued and paid dividends, use account 75/2 “Settlements with founders” and the subaccount “Settlements for payment of income”. If this type of income is received by a company employee, then account 70 “Payments with personnel for salaries” is used.

Since the amount of dividends to be distributed for all participants is the same, the calculation of the amount of income tax in the form of dividends of CJSC "InvestSoyuz" and the amount of personal income tax on income in the form of dividends of individual residents of the Russian Federation will be the same: H = 1,000,000 / (4,000 000 – 1,000,000) x 9% x (3,000,000 – 2,730,000) = RUB 8,100. The amount of personal income tax on income in the form of dividends of a non-resident individual of the Russian Federation (Tereshchenko E.N.) is calculated as follows: N = 1,000,000 x 15% = 150,000 rubles. How to accrue and pay dividends in “1C: Accounting 8” Reflection of accrued dividends to legal entities and individuals, as well as the accrual of income tax and personal income tax in the program is registered by the document Operation (Accounting and National Accounting), which is available via the hyperlink of the same name from the section Accounting, taxes, reporting (see Fig. 1). Rice. 1.

Reporting year – 2013; Line 010 – 4,000,000; Line 030 – 1,000,000; Line 041 – 3,000,000; Line 043 – 2,000,000; Line 070 – 2,730,000; Line 071 – 2,730,000; Line 091 – 90,000; Line 100 – 8 100; Line 120 – 8,100. The value in lines 040 and 090 is calculated automatically using the formulas specified in the indicators.

10): Line 010 – name of the legal entity - recipient of dividends; Line 020 – address of the location of the dividend recipient; Line 030 – information about the head of the organization - a participant in the company; Line 040 – contact phone number; Line 050 – date of transfer of dividends; Line 060 – amount of transferred dividends; Line 070 – the amount of income tax withheld when performing the duties of a tax agent. Rice. 10. Dividends distributed to participants (shareholders) are reflected in the financial statements as follows:

• in the balance sheet they reduce the amount of accumulated profit on line 1370 “Retained earnings (uncovered loss)” in the period of dividend accrual;
• in the statement of changes in capital (if prepared) - on a separate line 3327 “Dividends” in the period of accrual of dividends;
• in the cash flow statement (if compiled) - on a separate line 4322 “Payments - total for the payment of dividends and other payments for the distribution of profit in favor of the owners (participants)” in the period of actual payment of funds.

Who pays and withholds taxes on dividends A Russian organization paying dividends is recognized as a tax agent (clause 3 of Article 275 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation).

Info

How to accrue received dividends in “1C: Accounting 8” Registration of received dividends in accounting is carried out manually using the document Operation (accounting and NU) on the date of the decision made by the general meeting of shareholders (Fig. 12). Rice. 12. Registration of dividends received in accounting Reflection of the amount of dividends received in the PR resource (the constant difference in the assessment of the obligation) in this case is necessary, otherwise the key rule of the ratio of transaction amounts will be violated (BU = NU + PR + VR), which will inevitably lead to errors in accounting

After performing routine operations to close the month (March), the program will generate the following transactions for calculating income tax (Fig. 13): Fig. 13. Movements of the regulatory document Calculation of income tax for March Using the document Operation (accounting and NU), you can reverse the entries for accrual of PNA and conditional income tax expense calculated from the amount of dividends received reflected in accounting (Fig. 14). Rice. 14. Manual adjustment of the routine operation for calculating income tax for March Registration of dividends received in tax accounting is carried out manually using the document Operation (accounting and accounting) on ​​the date of actual receipt of funds according to the bank statement (Fig.

15). Rice. 15. Registration of dividends received in tax accounting Reflection of the amount of dividends received in the PR resource (the constant difference in the assessment of the liability) in this case is also necessary, otherwise the key rule of the ratio of transaction amounts will be violated (BU = NU + PR + VR).

How are paid dividends accounted for?

Information on accrued and paid dividend amounts is formed on account 75/2 “Settlements with founders”, and since they are financed from profits, account 75/2 corresponds with account 84 “Retained earnings” (D84 - K75/2). If a company employee receives dividends, then his payments are reflected in the personnel payroll account - 70 (D84 - K70).

Depending on the frequency with which dividends were paid, their reflection in the reporting forms changes. The accrual of interim dividends is reflected in debit turnover in the account. 84 of the profit amounts for the quarter, half year, 9 months. In the balance sheet, accrued amounts reduce the amount of retained earnings in line 1370 of the third section “Capital and Reserves”. For the amounts of dividends paid during the year, new lines are usually opened in the interim balance sheet in the 3rd section of the balance sheet - 1371, 1372, etc., reducing the amount of retained earnings, and in the balance sheet asset the amount of cash will decrease by the amount of payments made in line 1250 (Letter of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation dated December 19, 2006 No. 07-05-06/302).

The issuance of dividends made at a time at the end of the year will not be reflected in the balance sheet, since it is carried out already in the new reporting year.

Reflection of transactions with dividends in accounting

The basis for accrual of these incomes in the accounting of the organization are the minutes of the meeting of participants with the decision made on payment within the established time frame and an accounting certificate calculating the amounts due to each of the owners.

To combine information on accrued and paid dividends, use account 75/2 “Settlements with founders” and the subaccount “Settlements for payment of income”. If this type of income is received by a company employee, then account 70 “Payments with personnel for salaries” is used. The corresponding account is account 84 “Retained earnings”.

Accounting entries are made separately for each participant. The main wiring is as follows:

Dividends in the balance sheet line

Contents The third section of the balance sheet liability “Capital and reserves” consists of the following items. III. Capital and reserves Line code Authorized capital (80) Own shares purchased from shareholders (81) Additional capital (83) Reserve capital (82) including: reserves formed in accordance with legislation reserves formed in accordance with constituent documents Retained earnings (uncovered loss) (99) Total for section III The table presented above reflects the diagram of the third section of the balance sheet liabilities, indicating the accounts, the balances of which are reflected in the corresponding line of the balance sheet.

“Authorized capital” (line 410). This article shows the amount of the authorized capital (account balance 80 “Authorized capital”) in accordance with the provisions of the constituent documents.

An increase or decrease in the authorized capital is made only after changes have been made in the prescribed manner to the constituent documents (charter) of the organization (organization).

In the balance sheet: debt to the founders for the payment of income on accrued dividends, repayment terms of the entry, accounting entry

» » Contents The source for payment of dividends is the company’s net profit. It is calculated at the end of the financial year, although the decision to pay income to participants (founders) can be made once a quarter, every six months or a year.

How operations for accrual and payment of dividends are reflected in the company’s accounting and reporting will be discussed in this publication. The basis for accrual of these incomes in the accounting of the organization are the minutes of the meeting of participants with the decision made on payment within the established time frame and an accounting certificate calculating the amounts due to each of the owners.

To combine information on accrued and paid dividends, use account 75/2 “Settlements with founders” and the subaccount “Settlements for payment of income”. If this type of income is received by a company employee, then account 70 “Payments with personnel for salaries” is used. The corresponding account is account 84 “Retained earnings”.

Accounting entries are made separately for each participant.

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Dividends on balance sheet

To reflect the amounts of retained earnings (credit balance of the 84th account), line No. 1370 is allocated in the 3rd liability section of the balance sheet. At the end of the year, it records the total amount of profit (both for the reporting year and for previous periods), starting from the moment of existence companies. In this line, retained earnings will be reflected minus accrued but unpaid dividends for the reporting year.

Dividends are reflected in the balance sheet only if they are accrued and paid during the year. We are talking about so-called interim dividends. The sum total of all interim dividends,

paid in the reporting year for which the statements are prepared are recorded in the same place (in the “Capital” section) in a separate numbered line, enclosed in parentheses. Usually it is assigned the following serial number (for example, 1371, 1372).

Dividends declared at the end of the year are usually announced after the financial statements are approved. Consequently, this fact becomes an event after the reporting date, which means that such dividends cannot be recorded in the balance sheet.

Following the recommendations of PBU 7/98, companies that declared annual dividends based on the results of work, in the period of time between the reporting date and the date of approval of the reporting forms for the year, disclose information about accrued dividends in an explanatory note to the balance sheet. Of course, no accounting entries are made during the reporting period either.

Reflection of dividends in financial statements

The source for paying dividends is the company's net profit. Calculation of it

is made at the end of the financial year, although the decision on the payment of income to participants (founders) can be made once a quarter, every six months or a year. How operations for accrual and payment of dividends are reflected in the company’s accounting and reporting will be discussed in this publication.

Reflection of transactions with dividends in accounting

The basis for accrual of these incomes in the accounting of the organization are the minutes of the meeting of participants with the decision made on payment within the established time frame and an accounting certificate calculating the amounts due to each of the owners.

To combine information on accrued and paid dividends, use account 75/2 “Settlements with founders” and the subaccount “Settlements for payment of income”. If this type of income is received by a company employee, then account 70 “Payments with personnel for salaries” is used. The corresponding account is account 84 “Retained earnings”.

Accounting entries are made separately for each participant. The main wiring is as follows:

Dividends on balance sheet

To reflect the amounts of retained earnings (credit balance of the 84th account), line No. 1370 is allocated in the 3rd liability section of the balance sheet.

It records the total amount of profit at the end of the year (both for the reporting year and for previous periods), starting from the moment the company existed.

In this line, retained earnings will be reflected minus accrued but unpaid dividends for the reporting year.

Dividends are reflected in the balance sheet only if they are accrued and paid during the year. We are talking about so-called interim dividends.

The summed total of all interim dividends paid in the reporting year for which the statements are being prepared is recorded there (in the “Capital” section) in a separate numbered line, enclosed in parentheses.

Usually it is assigned the following serial number (for example, 1371, 1372).

Dividends declared at the end of the year are usually announced after the financial statements are approved. Consequently, this fact becomes an event after the reporting date, which means that such dividends cannot be recorded in the balance sheet.

Following the recommendations of PBU 7/98, companies that declared annual dividends based on the results of work, in the period of time between the reporting date and the date of approval of the reporting forms for the year, disclose information about accrued dividends in an explanatory note to the balance sheet. Of course, no accounting entries are made during the reporting period either.

Dividends in the income statement

We remind you that the source of dividends is net profit. Information about its availability and amount as of the reporting date is contained in line 2400 of report No. 2.

The accrual and payment of dividends are not reflected in this form, since this report was created to inform the user about the amounts and sources of profits and losses. Dividends do not form profit (they are paid out of it), much less are they considered expenses.

As a category related to the reduction of capital, dividends are reflected in the statement of capital flows (SFC), and their payment is recorded in the statement of cash flows (CFDS) after the payment has been made.

Let's summarize. The amounts of dividends are reflected in the financial statements as follows:

• If they are accrued but not paid, then: in the balance sheet they reduce the amount of profit reflected in line 1370 “NP”;
• in the UDC in line 3327 “Reduction of capital - dividends” (when compiled by the company);

Source: https://spmag.ru/articles/otrazhenie-dividendov-v-buhgalterskoy-otchetnosti

Dividends in the income statement

We remind you that the source of dividends is net profit. Information about its availability and amount as of the reporting date is contained in line 2400 of report No. 2. The accrual and payment of dividends are not reflected in this form, since this report was created to inform the user about the amounts and sources of profit and loss. Dividends do not form profit (they are paid out of it), much less are they considered expenses. As a category related to the reduction of capital, dividends are reflected in the statement of capital flows (SFC), and their payment is recorded in the statement of cash flows (CFDS) after the payment has been made.

Let's summarize. The amounts of dividends are reflected in the financial statements as follows:

• If they are accrued but not paid, then:

• in the balance sheet they reduce the amount of profit reflected in line 1370 “NP”;
• in the UDC in line 3327 “Reduction of capital - dividends” (when compiled by the company);

• During the payment period:
• in the ODDS on line 4322 “Payments for the payment of dividends and other payments for the distribution of profits in favor of owners (participants).”

Category: Banks

Other forms of financial statements

Accrued dividends are also reflected in the Statement of Changes in Capital. For this purpose, line 3327 “Reduction of capital - dividends” is intended here. There are no special features when filling out this indicator.

And reflect the amount of dividends paid on line 4322 “Payments for the payment of dividends and other payments for the distribution of profits in favor of owners (participants)” of the Cash Flow Statement.

When filling out this report, remember that we are talking about cash flow here. Therefore, you need to show the payment of dividends only in cash. If dividends are issued by property, they are not shown in the Cash Flow Statement.

Read in the berator “Practical Encyclopedia of an Accountant”

How to fill out a capital flow statement

How to fill out a cash flow statement

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Gazprom will pay dividends for 2021 of 8.04 rubles. or 20% of profit according to IFRS

We charge

Officials of the Ministry of Finance gave a little hint on how to record dividends in accounting in clarifications dated May 19, 2015 No. 07-01-06/28541. Based on their opinion, we will show in the table the entries in accounting when accruing and paying dividends .

Keep in mind: all entries are made according to the date of signing the minutes of the general meeting of the LLC (the sole decision of the founder of the company).

Line 630 “Debt to participants (founders) for payment of income”

Home/ Accounting statements/ Line 630

Line 630 of financial statements

refers to
the balance sheet
up to 2011.

Line 630 “Debt to participants (founders) for payment of income”

This line reflects the balance of account 75 “Settlements with founders” subaccount 75-2 “Settlements for payment of income”. This is the amount of the organization's outstanding debt for dividends due for payment.

When compiling the balance sheet for 2009, this line shows the amount of dividends accrued for payment if in the specified period a general meeting of shareholders (participants) of the company was held to distribute dividends and an appropriate decision was made.

The distribution of net profit for the payment of dividends is reflected by the accounting entry:

Debit 84 subaccount “Net profit of the reporting year” Credit 75 subaccount “Calculations for dividends” - reflects the amount of net profit allocated for the payment of dividends.

If the founder (participant) of the company is also its employee, the dividends due to him and other similar payments are accrued on account 70 “Settlements with personnel for wages” subaccount “Income from participation in capital”. The credit balance of this subaccount should be reflected on line 630.

Please note: a loan received by an organization from the founder is reflected in accounting in the same way as any other loan - on account 66 “Settlements for short-term loans and borrowings” or 67 “Settlements for long-term loans and borrowings”. In the balance sheet, the unrepaid amount of such a loan is shown as part of accounts payable: on line 510 (if the loan is long-term) or line 610 (if the loan is short-term) together with the interest accrued under the agreement. Line 630 is intended only to reflect debt to the founders for income from participation in the authorized capital.

Line 3327 “dividends”

This line of the Statement of Changes in Capital provides information on the amounts of profit distributed in the reporting year in favor of the founders (participants, shareholders, property owners) of the organization.

Distribution of dividends in accounting

Profit after tax (net profit) is distributed in accordance with the decision of the general meeting of participants (shareholders) of the company or the owner of the property of the enterprise (clause 1, article 28 of Law No. 14-FZ, clauses 1, 2, 3, article 42 of Law No. 208-FZ, paragraphs 1, 2, 2.1 of Article 17 of Law No. 161-FZ). This decision can be made based on the results of the first quarter, half a year, nine months and (or) based on the results of the financial year.

The direction of part of the profit of the reporting year to pay income to the founders (participants, shareholders, property owners) of the organization (including when making interim payments) is reflected in the debit of account 84 “Retained earnings (uncovered loss)” and the credit of accounts 75 “Settlements with founders”, subaccount 75-2 “Calculations for payment of income”, and 70 “Settlements with personnel for remuneration” (if income is paid to shareholders, participants, founders who are employees of the organization) (Instructions for using the Chart of Accounts).

The distribution of profit based on the results of the year refers to the category of events after the reporting date, indicating the economic conditions in which the organization conducts its activities that arose after the reporting date. At the same time, in the reporting period for which the organization distributes profits, no entries are made in accounting (synthetic and analytical) accounting. And when an event occurs after the reporting date in the accounting of the period following the reporting one, in general order an entry is made reflecting this event (clauses 3, 5, 10 of PBU 7/98).

Consequently, data on account 84 in the reporting year is formed taking into account decisions made in the reporting year on the distribution of profits received based on the results of the previous year, as well as the first quarter, half of the year, nine months of the reporting year.

In the Statement of Changes in Capital, the amounts of distributed income (dividends) are indicated on line 3327 “dividends” in the column “Retained earnings (uncovered loss)” in parentheses as an indicator that reduces the organization’s retained earnings.

Dividends on preferred shares of certain types can be paid at the expense of special funds of the joint-stock company previously formed for these purposes, which in accounting can be accounted for in account 82 “Reserve capital” or account 84 (clause 2 of article 42 of Law N 208-FZ, Instructions on the application of the Chart of Accounts).

When paying dividends at the expense of such a special fund, the organization, instead of X in the “Reserve capital” column of line 3327 “dividends”, must indicate the amount of distributed dividends on preferred shares. This value is reflected in parentheses, as it reduces the reserve capital indicator.

Accounting data used when filling out line 3327 “dividends”

In the column “Retained earnings (uncovered loss)”, line 3327 “dividends”, the debit turnover on account 84 is indicated in correspondence with accounts 75, sub-account 75-2, and 70 (analytical account for accounting for calculations of dividend payments to employees).

In the column “Reserve capital” the debit turnover on account 82 is indicated in similar correspondence (when accruing dividends on preferred shares at the expense of a previously created special fund).

The amounts of distributed income are indicated on line 3327 of the Statement of Changes in Capital in parentheses.

Column “Reserve capital” of line 3327 “dividends” = Debit turnover on account 82 in correspondence with subaccount 75-2 and account 70 (analytical account for accounting for settlements of dividend payments to employees)

Column “Retained profit (uncovered loss)” line 3327 “dividends” = Debit turnover on account 84 in correspondence with subaccount 75-2 and account 70 (analytical account for accounting for calculations of dividend payments to employees)

The indicator of the final column is determined as the sum of the indicators of the columns “Reserve capital” and “Retained earnings (uncovered loss)” of line 3327.

Column “Total” line 3327 “dividends” = Column “Reserve capital” line 3327 “dividends” + Column “Retained earnings (uncovered loss)” line 3327 “dividends”

Example of filling out line 3327 “dividends”

Indicators for account 84 (there are no indicators for account 82 regarding distributed income): rub.

Solution

Dividends distributed in the reporting year (including interim dividends based on the results of the periods of the reporting year) amount to 10,373 thousand rubles.

A fragment of the Statement of Changes in Equity will look like this.

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The third section of the balance sheet liability “Capital and reserves” consists of the following items.

The table presented above reflects the diagram of the third section of the balance sheet liabilities, indicating the accounts, the balances of which are reflected in the corresponding line of the balance sheet.

“Authorized capital” (line 410).

This article shows the amount of the authorized capital (account balance 80 “Authorized capital”) in accordance with the provisions of the constituent documents. An increase or decrease in the authorized capital is made only after changes have been made in the prescribed manner to the constituent documents (charter) of the organization (organization).

According to the line “ Own shares purchased from shareholders”

shows the balance of the value of the organization’s own shares, which are purchased from shareholders, recorded on account 81 “Own shares (shares)”.

“Additional capital” (line 420).

This line shows the amount of increase in the value of the organization’s property reflected in the asset balance sheet, identified based on the results of their revaluation, as well as the amount of share premium of joint-stock companies (i.e., amounts received in excess of the nominal value of the company’s outstanding shares (minus the costs of their sale) ) and targeted financing received in the form of investment funds. Since the authorized capital is fixed in the constituent documents, it became necessary to take into account the increase in the equity capital of an economic entity. Account 83 “Additional capital” is intended for these purposes.

“Reserve capital” (line 430).

Dividends in the Statement of Financial Results (FRS)

The size of dividends paid is not reflected in the FFR, since it provides data on income received, expenses incurred from the beginning of the year to the reporting date and the financial result formed for the reporting period - profit or loss. Dividends are a category that does not fall under the concept of profit, since they are paid out of it, and it is impossible to see the specific number of dividend payments made and issued to participants or shareholders in the financial market. Moreover, this does not depend on the category of recipients. It is also impossible to determine the founder’s dividends in the “Report on Financial Results”.

Example

Based on the relevant orders of the director, throughout the year Iris JSC paid quarterly dividends to the individual founder, the total amount of which was 400,000 rubles. The company's net profit for the year is RUB 1,000,000. After payment of dividends, its size amounted to 600,000 rubles. (1,000,000 – 400,000). It is this amount that will appear in line 2400 of the financial statement, and the user will be able to find out what the amount of dividends was from the explanatory note attached to the financial statements. In addition, data on the amount of payments is reflected in forms 2-NDFL, 6-NDFL, since income tax is necessarily levied on payments transferred to individuals.

If, by order of the manager, the company has established a procedure for issuing dividends based on the results of the year, then the payment to the founder will be made in the new year, i.e., after the end of the reporting period. In this case, the payment of dividends will not be reflected in the company's annual reporting - it will be a decrease in capital in liabilities and cash in assets, but only in the balance sheet of the next year. Accordingly, line 2400 of the financial reporting period for the reporting year will indicate the amount of profit not reduced by the amount of dividends - 1,000,000 rubles. (according to the example conditions).

Dividends are a position that reduces the company's capital, so their amount is indicated in another form - the “Statement of Changes in Equity” (line 3327), and the actual payment made is reflected in the statement of “Cash Flows” (line 4322), of course, if the issue dividends were paid in the reporting period.

Dividend distribution

The profit received by the organization at the end of the calendar year is subject to distribution in accordance with the decision of the founders. Profits can be invested in expanding the company, purchasing equipment, or used to pay dividends to shareholders.

The basis for the payment of dividends is the minutes of the board, which reflects:

• the total amount of profit received by the organization at the end of the year;
• the amount (in hard form or as a percentage of profits) that is used to pay dividends.

The amount of dividends paid to each shareholder is calculated based on the share of each participant in the authorized capital. If we are talking about the distribution of profits of a joint-stock company, then the payment is calculated based on the number of shares held by the shareholders.

Let's look at an example . Grand Invest JSC issued 1000 shares.

The shareholders of JSC Grand Invest are:

• Shchekin (250 shares);
• Gubarev (350 shares);
• Nosov (400 shares).

At the end of 2021, Grand Invest received a net profit of 641,500 rubles, which it was decided to distribute among shareholders as dividends.

Let's calculate the amount of dividends for each shareholder:

Conditions for paying dividends
In accordance with laws No. 208-FZ “On Joint-Stock Companies” and No. 14-FZ “On Limited Liability Companies”, an organization has the right to pay dividends while simultaneously meeting the following conditions:

1. Full payment of the authorized capital . If one or more shareholders have not fully repaid their share in the authorized capital, then the payment of dividends is prohibited for all participants.
2. The organization has no signs of bankruptcy . A legal entity has the right to distribute profits in the form of payment of dividends in the absence of signs of bankruptcy established by Art. 3 of Law No. 127-FZ of October 26, 2002, also provided that the payment of dividends will not lead to bankruptcy.
3. The authorized capital does not exceed the size of net assets . In order to determine the amount of net assets, it is necessary to sum up assets (line 300) and deferred income (line 640), and then subtract liabilities (sum on lines 590 and 690).

How is the debt to the founders for the payment of income and dividends reflected in the balance sheet?

The balance sheet is the main form of reporting that characterizes the financial position of an organization. The debt to transfer income to the founders begins on the date of the decision made by the meeting of the company's participants.

Dividend payments are made quarterly, every six months, nine months or annually - this is determined by the company's policy. There are also situations when society is deprived of the right to pay income.

The distribution of income at the end of the financial year occurs after the reporting date. This is reflected in the notes to the balance sheet for the reporting year. But in the reporting period, when distribution occurs, nothing is reflected in synthetic and analytical accounting.

Dividends are reflected in the balance sheet only if they were accrued and paid during the year

When an event occurs after the reporting date of the period that follows the reporting period, the transaction is reflected in the standard manner ( clauses 3, 5, 10 of PBU 7/98 ). Therefore, debts for the transfer of income (at the end of the year, or periodic payments) in accounting are established on the date of adoption of the resolution of the company's participants.

For accounting of dividend settlements, use account 75/2 according to analytics with the subaccount “Calculations for payment of income”. If the payment is due to an employee of the organization, then records are kept on the account. 70 “Payroll payments to personnel.” Transactions correspond to the account. 84 “Retained earnings”. Records are entered by an accountant for each specific founder.

When entering data in columns 3 and 4 of page 630 of the balance sheet, the data is taken from the credit balance of the account. 75 (subaccounts 75/2), credit balance on account. 70 (sub-account for accounting for settlements with founders who are employees of the enterprise) at the beginning and end of the reporting period (clause 73 of the Accounting Regulations).

Important! When entering data into reporting forms, offsets cannot be made between asset and liability items in the account. 70 (PBU 4/99 clause 34).

Payment of dividends is reflected depending on the method in which it was carried out